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mos integrated circuit m pd178016gc-051 document no. u12126ej1v0ds00 (1st edition) date published april 1997 j printed in japan the information in this document is subject to change without notice. features ? preset memory stores six stations in each of the fm1, fm2, fm3, and am bands (the am band is shared between the mw and lw bands), giving a total of 24 stations ? last channel memory one station per band, totaling four stations ? tuning functions ? manual seek/auto-seek ? auto-storage ? preset scan ? auto-retuning ? a m pd16431a is used as the lcd controller/driver ? single power supply (v dd = 5 v 10 %) ? rds functions ? built-in rds decoder function ? station name display (ps) ? af function ? traffic information standby function (tp and ta) ? eon function ? ct function (automatic time adjustment) ? alarm function (pty = 31) ? pty seek function (program identification information) ? cd changer and logic tape deck control ? electronic volume control ? remote-controller signal reception function (a m pd6121g- 002 is used for sending the remote-controller signal) ordering information part number package m pd178016gc-051-3b9 80-pin plastic qfp (14 14 mm), 0.65-mm pitch the m pd178016gc-051 is an 8-bit cmos microcontroller for use in digital tuners designed to receive the european fm, mw, and lw bands. it incorporates a prescaler, pll frequency synthesizer, and if counter. the device supports european rds (radio data system), and offers many rds functions. thus, it enables the configuration of a high-performance, multi-function fm/mw/lw tuner, such as an automotive stereo system, using a single chip. because the device implements the rds decoder as a software library, an rds system can be configured by combining the device with an rds data demodulation ic m pc2539. 8-bit single-chip microcontroller with built-in prescaler, pll frequency synthesizer, and if counter for automotive fm/mw/lw radio applications 1997 preliminary data sheet
m pd178016gc-051 2 function overview tunable frequencies, channel separation, reference frequency, and intermediate frequency region band tunable frequency channel separation reference frequency intermediate frequency europe fm 87.50 to 108.0 mhz 50 khz 50 khz 10.7 mhz mw 522 to 1 620 khz 9 khz 9 khz 450 khz/459 khz/10.71 mhz lw 144 to 288 khz 9 khz 9 khz 450 khz/459 khz/10.71 mhz usa fm 87.50 to 108.0 mhz 50 khz 50 khz 10.7 mhz mw 530 to 1 720 khz 10 khz 10 khz 450 khz tuning functions (1) manual tuning function description manual up each time one of these keys is pressed, the frequency is increased or reduced by one step, respectively. if either of the keys is held down, the frequency is increased or reduced in high- speed mode until the key is released. (2) auto tuning function description seek up search for a station, moving either up or down through the frequency range, respectively. when a station is detected, the corresponding frequency is retained. (3) preset memory stores six stations in each band (fm1/fm2/fm3/am), giving a total of 24 stations. (4) preset memory scanning tunes to the stations stored in the preset memory, holding each station for about five seconds, in each of the fm1, fm2, fm3, and am bands. (5) auto-storage searches through the entire frequency range of the received bands and stores the frequencies of the detected stations in the preset memory. (6) last channel memory stores the frequency of the most-recently received station in each of the fm1, fm2, fm3, and am bands, totaling four stations. (7) auto-retuning automatically starts auto-tuning if the sd signal is not detected for about 30 seconds during broadcast reception. also starts seek up if traffic information is not received for four seconds in tp/sk mode. manual down seek down
m pd178016gc-051 3 rds functions (1) station name display uses a ps code to display the name of the station currently being received. (2) af function if reception of the received rds station deteriorates, searches for and tunes to an rds station having the same broadcast contents. supports method a and method b, and stores an af list of up to 40 stations. using eon, the device can also store an af list of other stations. (3) traffic information station switching selects radio mode when traffic information broadcasting starts. switches to a traffic information station by monitoring the tp and ta bits during tp/sk standby. this function supports eon. (4) time correction uses a ct code to correct the built-in clock. (5) rds station seek rds seek searches for rds stations only. pty seek searches for an rds station broadcasting a specific type of program. tp/sk seek searches for an rds station broadcasting traffic information. tp auto-storage writes only an rds station broadcasting traffic information to the preset memory. (6) program identification information displays the name of the program currently being received by using a pty code. the device is also capable of performing search based on the displayed program name. tape functions (1) ff/rew: fast-forwards or rewinds the tape. (2) tape: switches the tape side between a and b. (3) ams: searches for the beginning of a track.
m pd178016gc-051 4 cd changer control functions (1) disc selection selects a specified cd. (2) track up/down moves up or down by one track. (3) search up/down fast-forward and rewind. (4) repeat repeats the playback of a track. (5) disc repeat repeats the playback of an entire disc. (6) random selects and plays back the tracks of a single cd at random. (7) disk random selects and plays back the tracks of all the cds at random. (8) intro sequentially plays back the first ten seconds of each track, starting from the first track. (9) disk intro sequentially plays back the first ten seconds of the first track of each cd. clock functions (1) 12-hour clock display (with am and pm indication) or 24-hour clock display (2) selectable colon (:) flashing (1 hz) (3) back up (with low power consumption) in no-clock mode electronic volume control functions (1) the volume/bass/treble/balance/fader are adjustable. (2) the loudness function is settable.
m pd178016gc-051 5 pin configuration (top view) 80-pin plastic qfp (14 14 mm, 0.65-mm pitch) m pd178016gc-051-3b9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 smt_a/b (p10/ani0) smt_b/c (p11/ani1) s meter (p12/ani2) sd (p13/ani3) stereo (p14/ani4) ams_in (p15/ani5) ams_sw (p20/si1) stop_sw (p21/so1) play_sw (p22/sck1) start_sw (p23/stb) fard_in (p24/busy) rev_in (p25/si0/sb0/sda0) cw (p26/so0/sb1/sda1) ccw (p27/sck0/scl) p1 (p132/pwm0) p2 (p133/pwm1) p3 (p134/pwm2) ta/dk (p40) sk mute (p41) mute (p42) powout (p37) beep (p36/beep) ds5 (p35) ds4 (p34/ti2) ds3 (p33/ti1) ds2 (p32) ds1 (p31) ds0 (p30) d0 (p67) d1 (p66) d2 (p65) d3 (p64) loud (p63) cd data (p62) vol scl (p61) vol sda (p60) mono (p57) pnl led (p56) powin (p55) keyreq (p54) 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 reset v dd regosc x1 x2 gnd regcpu rdsdata (p06/intp6) rdsclk (p05/intp5) remin (p04/intp4) panel (p03/intp3) acc (p02/intp2) batt (p01/intp1) cd in (p00/intp0) dev_level (p125) sk (p124) dk (p123) rds (p122) mode1 (p121) mode0 (p120) gndport v dd port local (p43) band0 (p44) band1 (p45) agcc (p46) lpfsel (p47) amifc fmifc v dd pll fmosc (vcoh) amosc (vcol) gndpll eo0 eo1 ic lcd_dat (p50) lcd clk (p51) lcd stb (p52) lcd off (p53) 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 remarks 1. ( ): m pd178016gc- -3b9 2. ic: internally connected
m pd178016gc-051 6 contents 1. pin functions ............................................................................................................................... .8 2. key matrix structure ............................................................................................................. 16 2.1 configuration of initial setting diode matrix and transistor switch ...................................................... 16 2.2 connection between initial setting diode matrix and transistor switch ............................................... 16 2.3 momentary key matrix configuration ...................................................................................................... 17 2.4 momentary key matrix connection ......................................................................................................... 18 2.5 description of the key matrixes .............................................................................................................. 19 2.5.1 initial setting diode matrix ............................................................................................................ 19 2.5.2 transistor switch .......................................................................................................................... 24 2.5.3 momentary keys ........................................................................................................................... 25 3. rds (radio data system) functions .................................................................................. 37 3.1 processing rds data .............................................................................................................................. 3 7 3.1.1 pi (program identification) ........................................................................................................... 37 3.1.2 ps (program service name) ....................................................................................................... 37 3.1.3 pty (program type) .................................................................................................................... 37 3.1.4 rds memory ............................................................................................................................... .38 3.1.5 af (alternative frequency) ......................................................................................................... 39 3.1.6 best station ............................................................................................................................... ... 46 3.1.7 automatic station selection .......................................................................................................... 47 3.1.8 emergency broadcasting reception ............................................................................................. 48 3.1.9 eon (enhanced other network) ................................................................................................. 49 3.1.10 tp (traffic program identification), ta (traffic announcement identification) .......................... 49 3.1.11 ct (clock time and data) ........................................................................................................... 50 4. selector control .................................................................................................................... 51 4.1 timing of transition from power on to off, and vice versa, with the power key .................... 51 4.2 timing of transition from power on to off, vice versa, with the detachable panel ..................... 52 4.3 timing of audio mode switching ............................................................................................................. 53 4.4 timing of audio mode switching while traffic information is being broadcast (in tp/sk mode) ....... 54 4.5 detection of front panel detachment ..................................................................................................... 55 4.6 timing of audio mode switching timing with pty alarm (pty = 31) ................................................... 56 5. lcd panel ............................................................................................................................... ....... 57 5.1 configuration of the lcd panel .............................................................................................................. 57 5.2 assignment of lcd pins .......................................................................................................................... 57 5.3 lcd panel displays ............................................................................................................................... .. 60 6. description of m pd16431a control ................................................................................... 65 6.1 key scan ............................................................................................................................... ................... 65 6.2 initial data output ............................................................................................................................... ..... 66 6.3 display data output ............................................................................................................................... .. 66 6.4 key data input/output ............................................................................................................................. 67
m pd178016gc-051 7 7. remote control ........................................................................................................................ 68 7.1 remote control key configuration (when the m pd6121g is used) .................................................... 68 7.2 description of the remote control keys ................................................................................................ 69 7.3 remote control data codes ................................................................................................................... 69 7.4 sample remote control circuit using the m pd6121g-002 ................................................................... 70 7.5 sample remote control preamplifier using the m pc2800ha ............................................................... 70 8. description of cd changer control .............................................................................. 71 9. electronic volume controls ............................................................................................. 72 9.1 electronic volume controls ..................................................................................................................... 72 9.2 initial values of electronic volume controls ........................................................................................... 72 10. mute output timing chart .................................................................................................... 73 10.1 manual up/down ............................................................................................................................... ....... 74 10.1.1 1-channel up/down ..................................................................................................................... 74 10.1.2 successive up/down .................................................................................................................. 74 10.2 auto up/down ............................................................................................................................... ........... 75 10.2.1 normal seek ............................................................................................................................... 75 10.2.2 rds seek ............................................................................................................................... ..... 75 10.2.3 pi seek ............................................................................................................................... ......... 75 10.2.4 tp seek ............................................................................................................................... ........ 76 10.2.5 pty seek ............................................................................................................................... ..... 76 10.3 preset memory calling ............................................................................................................................ 77 10.4 preset memory scan ............................................................................................................................... 77 10.5 auto-storage ............................................................................................................................... ............. 78 10.5.1 auto-storage ............................................................................................................................... 78 10.5.2 tp auto-storage .......................................................................................................................... 78 10.6 power on/off ............................................................................................................................... ......... 79 10.6.1 power on ............................................................................................................................... ...... 79 10.6.2 power off ............................................................................................................................... ...... 80 10.7 mode switching ............................................................................................................................... ......... 80 11. sample application circuit .................................................................................................. 81 12. electrical characteristics (preliminary) ................................................................... 82 13. package drawing ...................................................................................................................... 88 14. recommended soldering conditions ............................................................................ 89
m pd178016gc-051 8 1. pin functions pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 1 smt_a/b signal meter reading pins used for setting the signal meter voltage ranges used to analog 2 smt_b/c range input determine the condition for starting an af operation. input analog input voltages according to the characteristics of the tuner being used (see (1) in section 3.1.5 ). 3 s meter signal meter signal input pin for signal meter signal. analog input input an analog signal in accordance with the received signal input strength. this pin is used to monitor the conditions controlling af switching. 4 sd sd signal input input pin for the station detection signal. input input the signal as indicated in the table below. sd pin description 0 station detected 1 station not detected (0: low, 1: high) 5 stereo stereo signal input input pin for the stereo broadcast signal. input this pin is valid for the fm band only. input the signal as indicated in the table below. stereo pin description 0 stereo broadcast 1 mono broadcast (0: low, 1: high) 6 ams_in audio signal input pin indicating input of the audio signal from the logic tape deck. input input the signal as indicated in the table below. ams_in pin description 0 audio signal not input 1 audio signal input (0: low, 1: high) 7 ams_sw ams switch signal input pin for logic tape deck state. input input input the signal as indicated in the table below. ams_sw pin description 0 ams mode 1 other than ams mode (0: low, 1: high) 8 stop_sw stop switch signal input pin of logic tape deck state. input input input the signal as indicated in the table below. stop_sw pin description 0 ff/rew 1 play (0: low, 1: high)
m pd178016gc-051 9 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 9 play_sw play switch signal input pin for logic tape deck state. input input input the signal as indicated in the table below. play_sw pin description 0 play 1 ff/rew (0: low, 1: high) 10 start_sw start switch signal input pin for logic tape deck state. input input input the signal as indicated in the table below. start_sw pin description 0 eject 1 loading-eject (0: low, 1: high) 11 fard_in side a pulse signal input pin for pulse of side a of logic tape deck. input input 12 rev_in side b pulse signal input pin for pulse of side b of logic tape deck. input input 13 cw power motor control output pins controlling the power motor of the logic tape deck. cmos 14 ccw signal output the signals are output as indicated in the table below. push-pull output cw pin ccw pin description 0 1 loading 1 0 eject 0 0 stop 1 1 brake (0: low, 1: high) 15 p1 main motor control output pins controlling the main motor of the logic tape deck. n-ch to to signal output the signals are output as indicated in the table below. open- 17 p3 drain p1 pin p2 pin p3 pin description output 1 0 0 play, side a 0 1 0 play, side b 1 0 1 ff, side a 0 1 1 ff, side b 0 0 0 stop (0: low, 1: high) 18 ta/dk traffic information traffic information station identification signal output pin. cmos station signal output the output of this pin is low when: push-pull the sk and dk signals, tp and ta signals, or pty alarm is output detected in tp/sk mode in the fm band, or a traffic information alarm is output. 19 sk mute sk mute signal traffic information mute output pin. cmos output the sk mute output pin is used when a traffic information station push-pull identification signal is not being received in tp/sk mode. output
m pd178016gc-051 10 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 20 mute mute signal output audio mute signal output pin. cmos the output of this pin is active low. push-pull this pin is used to eliminate the shock noise generated when the output pll is out of lock in radio mode, and to switch the mode pin output. 21 gndport ground pin for port ground pin for port. connect this pin to gnd. ? 22 v dd port positive power supply positive power supply pin for port. ? pin for port connect this pin to v dd . 23 local local signal output output pin for the tuner local/dx switching output. cmos the output of this pin is high while the device is in local mode. push-pull output 24 band0 band switching signal band switching signal output pins. cmos 25 band1 output these pins output the following signals in each band. push-pull output band band0 pin band1 pin mw 0 0 lw 0 1 fm 1 0 (0: low, 1: high) the fm band is output when power is first applied. 26 agcc agcc signal output output pin for the auto gain control cut signal. cmos the signal is output during auto-tuning. push-pull output 27 lpfsel lpf time constant output pin for the signal for switching the time constant of the lpf cmos switching signal of the tuner during af operation. push-pull output the output level of this pin goes high during af operation. output 28 amifc am intermediate input pin for intermediate frequency (if) in the am (mw, lw) band. input frequency input to protect the built-in ac amplifier, use a capacitor to prevent the flow of direct current. when the am sd/if switch of the initial setting diode matrix is set to 1 (the diode is jumpered), this pin is used to detect a station during auto-tuning. when the input frequency range and the conditions listed below are satisfied, the device judges that a station has been detected. band input frequency range mw 450 khz 3 khz 459 khz 3 khz lw 450 khz 3 khz 459 khz 3 khz a frequency within the input frequency range must be input within 20 ms of the pll being locked.
m pd178016gc-051 11 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 29 fmifc fm intermediate input pin for intermediate frequency (if) in fm band. input frequency input to protect the built-in ac amplifier, use a capacitor to prevent the flow of direct current. when the fm sd/if switch of the initial setting diode matrix is set to 1 (the diode is jumpered), this pin is used to detect a station during auto-tuning. when the input frequency range and conditions listed below are satisfied, the device judges that a station has been detected. band input frequency range fm 10.7 mhz 25.0 khz a frequency within the input frequency range must be input within 20 ms of the pll being locked. however, input the frequency within 5 ms during af operation, best station, or eon operation. 30 v dd pll positive power supply positive power supply pin for pll. ? pin for pll connect this pin to v dd . 31 fmosc fm local oscillator input pin for the fm band local oscillator output (vco output). input input tuning to fm band broadcasts causes this pin to become active. otherwise, the pin enters the high-impedance state. to protect the built-in ac amplifier, use a capacitor to prevent the flow of direct current before inputting the output. 32 amosc am local oscillator input pin for the local oscillator output (vco output) in the am input input (mw, lw) band. tuning to mw or lw band broadcasts causes this pin to become active. otherwise, the pin enters the high-impedance state. to protect the built-in ac amplifier, use a capacitor to prevent the flow of direct current before inputting the output. 33 gndpll pll ground pin ground pin for pll. ? connect this pin to gnd. insert a 100-pf capacitor between the v dd pll pin and gndpll pin. 34 eo0 error output output pins for the pll charge pump. cmos 35 eo1 if a divided local oscillator frequency (vco output) is greater than 3-state the reference frequency, the outputs of these pins will go high. if output the divided local oscillator frequency is less than the reference frequency, the outputs go low. if the divided local oscillator frequency is equal to the reference frequency, the outputs enter the floating state. input either of the outputs to a varactor diode via an external lpf (low pass filter). 36 ic internally connected connect this pin to gnd. ? 37 lcd_dat lcd driver data input/output pin for exchanging serial data with the lcd controller/ input signal input/output driver ( m pd16431a). cmos push-pull output
m pd178016gc-051 12 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 38 lcd clk lcd driver clock output pin for sending the serial clock to the lcd controller/driver cmos output ( m pd16431a). push-pull reads data at a rising edge and outputs data at a falling edge. output the serial interface with the lcd controller/driver is of 2-wire serial type. 39 lcd stb lcd driver strobe output pin for the strobe signal to the lcd controller/driver cmos signal output ( m pd16431a). push-pull outputs data while low. output processes data at a rising edge. 40 lcd off lcd driver display output pin for sending the display off signal to the lcd controller/ cmos off signal output driver ( m pd16431a). push-pull output 41 keyreq lcd driver key input pin for the key request signal, output by the lcd controller/ input request signal input driver ( m pd16431a). when a high level signal is input, key data is read. 42 powin power key signal signal input pin used to detect power key input. input input 43 pnl led panel detachment output pin for the led signal indicating that the front panel has cmos detection led signal been detached. in this state, the pin outputs a 1-hz signal. push-pull output the active level is high. output 44 mono mono signal output control signal output pin of forced mono. cmos the signal is output as follows: push-pull output mono pin description 0 forced mono on 1 forced mono off (0: low, 1: high) this pin outputs a high level when the power is first applied. 45 vol sda electronic volume input/output pin for the serial data that is fed to the electronic input control data input/ volume control (tda7313, tea6320). n-ch output open- drain output 46 vol scl electronic volume output pin for the serial clock that is fed to the electronic volume n-ch control clock output control (tda7313, tea6320). open- data is read at a rising edge and data is output at a falling edge. drain the interface with the electronic volume control is of i 2 c bus type. output 47 cd data cd changer data output pin for the data to the cd changer. n-ch output open- drain output 48 loud loudness signal output pin for the loudness control signal. n-ch output the signal is output as indicated in the table below. open- drain loud pin description output 0 loudness off 1 loudness on (0: low, 1: high) this pin outputs a low level when the power is first applied.
m pd178016gc-051 13 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 49 d3 initial setting diode input pins for the return signals of the initial setting diode matrix. input to to return signal input these pins, together with ds0 (pin 53) to ds5 (pin 58), constitute 52 d0 a diode matrix. connect a pull-down resistor to these pins. 53 ds0 initial setting diode output pins for the source signals of the initial setting diode matrix. cmos to to source signal output these pins, together with d3 (pin 49) to d0 (pin 52), constitute a push-pull 58 ds5 diode matrix. output 59 beep beep signal output beep output pin. cmos a square wave with a frequency of 1.5 khz and a duty cycle of 50 push-pull % is output for 50 ms. output a beep is output when: the beep is validated by pressing a key. the next preset memory is selected during preset memory scan operation. 60 powout power state output output pin indicating the power state of the system. cmos push-pull output 61 mode0 mode signal output output pins indicating the operating mode. cmos 62 mode1 see the table below. push-pull output mode0 mode1 mode 0 0 radio 1 0 tape 11cd (0: low, 1: high) radio output mode is set when the power is first applied. 63 rds rds indicator signal input pin used to detect the rds signal of an rds station. input input prevents the device from erroneously locking onto a non-rds station. the rds data, read when the pin is at the low level, is valid. pull down this pin if synchronization is to be performed using only rdsdata and rdsclk during auto-tuning. 64 dk dk signal input input pin used to detect the dk signal of a vf station. input if both the sk and dk pins go low in standby mode, the device judges that traffic information is being broadcast and the device switches to standby radio mode. if the level of the dk pin goes from low to high, the device returns to standby mode. pull up this pin when ari is not to be used. 65 sk sk signal input input pin used to detect the sk signal of a vf station. input the input is used as the auto-tuning stop signal. when a station is detected, if the input goes low within about 500 ms, the device judges that a traffic information station has been detected, and auto-tuning is stopped. pull up this pin when ari is not used.
m pd178016gc-051 14 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 66 dev_level modulation signal input pin for the modulation signal. input input input the signal as indicated in the table below. dev_level pin description 0 mute 1 sound (0: low, 1: high) 67 cd in cd changer data input pin for the cd changer data. input input 68 batt batt signal input input pin for the batt signal. input input the signal as indicated in the table below. batt pin description 0 power off 1 power on (0: low, 1: high) in no-clock mode (initial setting diode noclk = 1) or a mode in which the clock is not counted during power off (initial setting diode ctoff = 1), the power consumption is reduced during power off. 69 acc acc signal input input pin for the acc signal. input input the signal as indicated in the table below. acc pin description 0 power off 1 power on (0: low, 1: high) in no-clock mode (initial setting diode noclk = 1) or a mode in which the clock is not counted during power off (initial setting diode ctoff = 1), the power consumption is reduced during power off. 70 panel panel detachment input pin used to detect whether the front panel has been detached. input detection input the input of a high-level signal indicates that the front panel has been detached. 71 remin remote-controller remote-controller signal input pin. input signal input 72 rdsclk rds clock input rds clock input pin. to this pin, input the clock signal from the input rds signal detector section. because the m pd178016gc-051 does not detect bit synchronization based on the width of a clock signal, the input clock signal must be as accurate as possible. 73 rdsdata rds data input input pin for rds data. to this pin, input the data signal from the input rds signal detector section. data is read at the falling edge of an rds clock pulse. 74 regcpu cpu power supply regulator pin for cpu power supply. ? regulator connect this pin to ground via a 0.1- m f capacitor. 75 gnd ground device ground ?
m pd178016gc-051 15 pin no. symbol pin name description i/o type 76 x2 crystal resonator pin for connecting a 4.5-mhz crystal resonator. ? 77 x1 78 regosc oscillation circuit regulator pin for oscillation circuit. ? regulator connect this pin to ground via a 0.1- m f capacitor. 79 v dd power supply power supply pins for the device. ? to this pin, supply 5 v 10 % while the device is operating. 80 reset reset input reset input pin. input
m pd178016gc-051 16 2. key matrix structure 2.1 configuration of initial setting diode matrix and transistor switch input pin d0 (52) d1 (51) d2 (50) d3 (49) output pin ds0 (53) am sd/if fm sd/if amif1 amif2 ds1 (54) noclk ctadj ctoff flash ds2 (55) retune no_pim beep dev_sel ds3 (56) clk24 region volsel fad ds4 (57) err_cor3 err_cor2 err_cor1 afall ds5 (58) power1 power2 america metal remarks 1. numbers in ( ) are pin numbers. 2. : initial setting diode, : transistor switch 2.2 connection between initial setting diode matrix and transistor switch initial setting diode transistor switch dsm dn dsm dn 53 54 55 56 57 ds1 ds0 ds2 ds3 49 50 51 52 d2 d3 d1 d0 ds4 pd178016gc-051 m initial setting diode transistor switch 58 ds5
m pd178016gc-051 17 2.3 momentary key matrix configuration input pin key1 (2) key2 (3) key3 (4) key4 (5) output pin ks1 (25) m1 m2 m3 m4 ???? m1 m2 m3 m4 ks2 (26) m5 m6 down up ? ? down up m5 m6 down up ks3 (27) pscam/asm rds/region tp/sk pty ? ? tp/sk ? ? ? tp/sk ? ks4 (28) band cdc tape disp/adj band cdc tape disp/adj band cdc tape disp/adj ks5 (29) mono/loc vol down vol up sel/loud ? vol down vol up sel/loud ? vol down vol up sel/loud ks6 (30) auto ? ? ? ? ? ? random/ams ? intro repeat random/ams ks7 (31) ???? ???? ???? ks8 (32) power ? ? ? power ? ? eject power ? ? ? remarks 1. the top line in each row indicates the momentary key that is valid in radio mode, the middle line indicates the key valid in tape mode, and the bottom line indicates the key valid in cd changer mode. top radio mode middle tape mode bottom cd changer mode 2. numbers in ( ) indicate the pin numbers of the m pd16431a.
m pd178016gc-051 18 2.4 momentary key matrix connection momentary key switch ksm keyn 25 5432 26 27 28 29 30 31 ks2 ks1 key4 key3 key2 key1 ks3 ks4 ks5 ks6 ks7 32 ks8 pd16431a m momentary key switch
m pd178016gc-051 19 2.5 description of the key matrixes 2.5.1 initial setting diode matrix the initial setting diode matrix is used to determine the function of the m pd178016gc-051. this matrix must be set. the initial setting diode matrix is read only when the microcontroller is reset by means of power-on clear. it is ignored at all other times. (1) switches used to specify the method for detecting a station during auto-tuning am sd/if, fm sd/if (2) switches used to specify the intermediate frequency for the am band amif1, amif2 (3) switch used to specify whether to turn auto-retuning on or off retune (4) switches related to the clock functions clk24, ctadj, ctoff, flash, noclk (5) switches used to specify the electronic volume control function fad, volsel (6) switch used to specify whether a beep is output beep (7) switch used to select the destination market (europe/usa) america (8) switch used to validate the use of the region key function region (9) switch used to specify whether the mute function is used during pi check of af no_pim (10) switches used to specify the af function afall, dev_sel (11) switches used to select the number of error correction bits when rds data is decoded err_cor1, err_cor2, err_cor3 (12) switch used to select the method for inputting the power key power1 (13) switch used to select display during power off power2
m pd178016gc-051 20 to set these switches, the respective matrix diodes are either jumpered (1) or left open (0). the functions of the switches in the initial setting diode matrix are summarized below (in alphabetical order). description afall this switch is used to specify the af function. set the switch as indicated in the following table. afall af function 0 performs only one-station af. 1 performs broadcasting af. (0: open, 1: jumpered) america this switch is used to select the destination market (europe/usa). set the switch as indicated in the following table. america europe/usa 0 europe 1 usa (0: open, 1: jumpered) amif1 these switches are used to specify the intermediate frequency in the am band for the european market. amif2 the setting of these switches is invalid when the usa market is selected (initial setting diode america = 1). set the switch as indicated in the following table. amif1 amif2 intermediate frequency 0 0 450 khz 0 1 459 khz 1 10.71 mhz (0: open, 1: jumpered, : don?t care) am sd/if this switch is used to specify the method used to detect a station during auto-tuning. fm sd/if am sd/if specifies the method of detecting the am band, while fm sd/if specifies the method of detecting the fm band. set these switches as indicated in the following table. am sd/if method used to detect a station fm sd/if 0 only sd is used. 1 sd and the if counter are used. (0: open, 1: jumpered) beep this switch is used to specify whether to output a beep whenever a key entry is accepted. set this switch as indicated in the following table. beep beep 0 not output. 1 output. (0: open, 1: jumpered) initial setting diode
m pd178016gc-051 21 description clk24 this switch is used to select 12-hour or 24-hour clock display. set this switch as indicated in the following table. clk24 hour display 0 12-hour clock display (with am or pm displayed) 1 24-hour clock display (0: open, 1: jumpered) ctadj this switch is used to select whether the clock is adjusted according to rds data. the clock is not adjusted during power off. when no-clock mode is selected (initial setting diode noclk = 1), this setting is invalid. set this switch as indicated in the following table. ctadj adjusting clock with rds data 0 does not adjust the clock with rds data. the clock must be adjusted by the user. 1 adjusts the clock according to the rds data. the clock cannot be adjusted by the user. the clock does not operate until the rds data is input. (0: open, 1: jumpered) ctoff this switch is used to select how the clock operates in power-off mode. when no-clock mode is selected (initial setting diode noclk = 1), this setting is invalid. set this switch as indicated in the following table. ctoff clock operation 0 operates normally. 1 stops operation. initializes the clock. the clock can be backed (with low current consumption) when a low level signal is input to the acc or batt pin. (0: open, 1: jumpered) dev_sel this switch is used to select whether the dev_level pin (pin 66) is referenced during af operation. set this switch as indicated in the following table. dev_sel dev_level pin 0 not referenced. 1 referenced. (0: open, 1: jumpered) initial setting diode
m pd178016gc-051 22 description err_cor1 these switches are used to select the number of error correction bits when rds data is decoded. err_cor2 set these switches as indicated in the following table. err_cor3 err_cor1 err_cor2 err_cor3 error correction 0 0 0 error is not corrected. 0 0 1 1-bit correction 0 1 0 2-bit correction 0 1 1 3-bit correction 1 0 0 4-bit correction 1 0 1 5-bit correction 11 error is not corrected. (0: open, 1: jumpered, : don?t care) fad this switch is used to select whether the fader of the electronic volume control is adjusted. set this switch as indicated in the following table. fad fader function 0 adjusted. 1 not adjusted. (0: open, 1: jumpered) flash this switch is used to select the method of displaying : (colon). the setting of this switch is invalid in no-clock mode (initial setting diode noclk = 0). set this switch as indicated in the following table. flash colon (:) display 0 blinks at 1 hz (duty factor: 60 %). however, extinguished in power-off mode. 1 lights. (0: open, 1: jumpered) noclk this switch is used to specify whether the clock is to be provided. set this switch as indicated in the following table. noclk availability of the clock 0 the clock is available. 1 the clock is unavailable. the clock can be backed up (with low current consumption) when a low level signal is input to the acc or batt pin. (0: open, 1: jumpered) no_pim this switch is used to select whether pi check of af is muted. set this switch as indicated in the following table. no_pim muting of pi check of af 0 muted. 1 not muted. (0: open, 1: jumpered) initial setting diode
m pd178016gc-051 23 description power1 this switch is used to select the method of inputting the power key. set this switch as indicated in the table below. power1 input of power key 0 input port (pin 42) 1 lcd driver (0: open, 1: jumpered) power2 this switch is used to select the display in power-off mode. the setting of this switch is invalid in no-clock mode (initial setting diode noclk = 1) or when the power-off clock operation is stopped (initial setting diode ctoff = 1). set this switch as indicated in the table below. power2 display in power-off mode 0 no display 1 clock display the clock cannot, however, be adjusted in power-off mode. (0: open, 1: jumpered) region this switch is used to validate the use of the region key. set this switch as indicated in the following table. region use of region key 0 invalid (region mode is always on.) 1 valid (0: open, 1: jumpered) retune this switch is used to specify whether to turn auto-retuning on or off. auto-retuning is performed only when rds mode is not set. set this switch as indicated in the following table. retune auto-retuning on/off 0 off 1on (0: open, 1: jumpered) volsel this switch is used to select between two types of electronic volume ics. set this switch as indicated in the following table. volsel description 0 electronic volume ic (sgs-tda7313) is used. 1 electronic volume ic (philips tea6320) is used. (0: open, 1: jumpered) initial setting diode
m pd178016gc-051 24 2.5.2 transistor switch the following transistor switch is used: metal unlike the initial setting diodes, the transistor switch can always be switched. the setting of the switch is recognized when the setting coincides two times during 1-ms scanning. transistor switch description metal this switch is used to change the state of metal between on and off each time it is pressed. metal metal state 0 off 1on (0: open, 1: jumpered)
m pd178016gc-051 25 2.5.3 momentary keys the power key is effective even when pressed together with another momentary key. pressing any other two keys together is invalid, and it is assumed that no key has been pressed. a beep sound (beep pin, pin 59) is output for 50 ms when a valid combination is pressed. the functions of the momentary keys are described below (in alphabetical order). momentary key description auto this key is used to select the auto or manual mode. this key is valid in radio mode. each time it is pressed, auto or manual mode is selected alternately. in auto mode, the lcd indicator auto lights. manual mode is set in the initial state when the power is first applied. the functions of the up and down keys differ depending on the selected mode. auto mode the up / down keys are used to start auto seek up/down operation. manual mode the up / down keys are used to start manual seek up/down operation. band this key is used to switch a band or to select radio mode. (1) in radio mode this key is used to select a band. the frequency of the selected band will be displayed. the lcd indicator corresponding to the selected band (fm1/fm2/fm3/mw/lw) lights. each time this key is pressed, the band is changed as follows: mw/lw fm1 fm2 fm3 the fm1 band is selected in the initial state when the power is first applied. the outputs of the band0 and band1 pins are changed depending on the selected band, as indicated in the following table. band band0 pin (pin 24) band1 pin (pin 25) fm 1 0 mw 0 0 lw 0 1 (0: low, 1: high) (2) in cd changer/tape mode this key is used to select radio mode. the frequency is displayed for two seconds then ps is displayed for three seconds (if there is no ps, the frequency is displayed for five seconds). subsequently, the display returns to normal. the lcd indicator indicating the most-recently selected band (fm1/fm2/fm3/mw/lw) lights. cdc this key is used to select cd changer mode in radio or tape mode, and is used to play back or pause the cd changer in cd changer mode. (1) in radio/tape mode selects cd changer mode. (2) in cd changer mode plays back or pauses the cd changer.
m pd178016gc-051 26 momentary key description disp/adj when this key is held down for two seconds, clock adjustment display mode is set. when the key is held down for less than two seconds, the lcd panel display is changed. clock adjustment display mode is not selected when initial setting diode noclk = 1 or when initial setting diode ctadj = 1. clock display is not performed when initial setting diode noclk = 1. (1) when used as lcd panel display select key each time this key is pressed, the display is changed as follows: when traffic information is received in radio mode, or cd changer/tape mode 5 seconds ps frequency clock ps display is performed if rds ps data has been input (for details, see section 5.3 ). in tape mode tape clock in cd changer mode clock track playback time (2) clock adjustment display mode the clock display blinks, and lcd indicator : lights. for details of clock adjustment, refer to the description of the up and down keys. the second digits are cleared (to 0 seconds) upon the completion of time adjustment using the - disp/adj key during clock adjustment display. the clock adjustment display is cleared when the system is started by pressing the power key. eject this key is used to eject the tape in power-on mode. it is used to select radio mode in tape mode. intro this key turns on/off disc introduction scan mode when it is held down for more than two seconds. it turns on/off introduction scan mode when pressed for less than two seconds. this key is valid in cd changer mode. introduction scan when introduction scan mode is selected, the first ten seconds of each track of the disc currently being played back are scanned. during introduction scanning, the track number blinks. disc introduction scan when disc introduction scan mode is selected, the first ten seconds of each track of all the discs in the magazine of the cd changer are scanned. during disc introduction scanning, the disc number blinks, and lcd indicator all lights. when system is started by pressing the power key, both introduction scan mode and disc introduction scan mode are turned off.
m pd178016gc-051 27 momentary key description these keys are used to call and write to the preset memory in radio mode. in cd changer mode, they are used to directly select a disc. (1) in radio mode the procedures for calling and writing to the preset memory are described below. operation description call pressing any one of keys m1 to m6 , then releasing it within two seconds, calls the contents of the preset memory location corresponding to the pressed key. when one of these keys is pressed, the lcd panel switches to the frequency display. write pressing any one of keys m1 to m6 , and holding it down for at least two seconds, causes the frequency to which the device is tuned to be written to the preset memory location corresponding to the pressed key. when one of these keys is pressed, the lcd panel switches to the frequency display or to the preset display when the frequency is written. the frequency is displayed for two seconds then ps is displayed for three seconds (if there is no ps, the frequency is displayed for five seconds), after which the display returns to normal. when a fre- quency is displayed, the preset number corresponding to the pressed key is displayed, and lcd indicator ch lights. one station in each of the fm1, fm2, fm3, and am bands can be stored to one key; therefore, a total of 24 stations can be stored. the pi code, ps code, and af list are also written to the preset memory. in the initial state after the power is first applied, the following frequencies are written to the preset memory. (region: europe) band m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 fm1 (mhz) 87.50 89.90 97.90 105.90 107.90 87.50 fm2 (mhz) 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 fm3 (mhz) 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 am (khz) 144 153 522 603 1 404 144 (region: usa) band m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 fm1 (mhz) 87.50 89.90 97.90 105.90 107.90 87.50 fm2 (mhz) 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 fm3 (mhz) 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 87.50 am (khz) 530 820 1 120 1 420 1 720 530 (2) in cd changer mode these keys are used to directly select discs in cd changer mode. key description m1 plays disk 1. m2 plays disk 2. m3 plays disk 3. m4 plays disk 4. m5 plays disk 5. m6 plays disk 6. m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6
m pd178016gc-051 28 momentary key description mono/loc this key acts as a local/dx setting key when held down for at least two seconds. when released within two seconds, it acts as a forced mono on/off key. forced mono on/off when an fm band is selected in radio mode, pressing this key switches forced mono mode on or off. in forced mono mode, lcd indicator mono appears. the stereo indicator is forcibly turned off. in forced mono mode, mono pin (pin 44) outputs a low level signal. local/dx setting in radio mode, pressing this key switches the setting of local/dx. in local mode, lcd indicator loc appears, and the local pin (pin 23) outputs a high level signal. the local pin outputs a high level signal, regardless of the setting, in auto-storage mode. forced mono mode and dx setting are turned off in the initial state after the power is first applied. power this key turns the power to the system on/off. pscan/asm this key is used to perform auto-storage when it is held down for two seconds. when it is released within two seconds, preset memory scan is performed. this key is valid in radio mode. for preset memory scan if a station other than a preset station is currently being received, the preset memory contents are sequentially called for five seconds each, starting from m1, as shown below. if a preset station is currently being received, the preset memory contents are sequentially called for five seconds each, starting from the next station (for example, if m3 is currently being received, calling starts from m4). m3 m1 m2 m4 m5 m6 when the next preset memory contents are called, a beep is issued for 50 ms. during preset memory scanning, lcd indicator pscan appears. if there is a ps code, the ps code blinks for three seconds after the frequency has been displayed, blinking, for two seconds. if there is no ps code, the frequency is displayed, blinking, for five seconds. for auto-storage operation during auto-storage, lcd indicator asm appears. at this time, the lcd panel switches to the frequency display. stations are searched from the lowest toward the highest frequency of the band currently being received. the frequencies are written to the preset memory. searched stations are set to local in the first round of searching by the output signal of the local pin (pin 23), and to dx in the second round. if six or more stations cannot be searched in the first round, the second round of search is performed. if a detected station is an rds station, the pi code is also written to the preset memory. if stations having the same pi code are detected during auto-storage, the signal meter values input from s meter (pin 3) are compared, and only that having the highest frequency is written. upon the completion of auto-storage, six of the detected stations are selected starting from that having the highest signal meter value (rds stations take precedence), and are written into preset memory, starting from the station having the lowest frequency and starting from m1. if the number of detected stations is less than six, the remaining preset memory locations remain as is, retaining the contents they had before auto-storage was started. if search is aborted, all the preset memory locations retain the contents they had before the start of auto-storage. when tp/sk is on, only those stations broadcasting traffic information (stations with tp or sk) are written.
m pd178016gc-051 29 momentary key description pty this key is used to display and search for a program based on a pty (program type) from among the rds data. this key is valid while an fm band station is being received in radio mode and when the tp/sk key is off. while a program type is being displayed, or while a search is being made for a program type, lcd indicator pty appears. pressing this key once, while the device is tuned to an rds station, causes the current program type to be displayed. if the station currently being received is other than an rds station, symbol none appears in the lcd indicator, indicating that the program does not have a program type. a program type is displayed for five seconds after the key has been pressed. within those five seconds, each time the key is pressed, the program type is switched. the displayed program type changes as follows each time this key is pressed. if the key is pressed for 0.5 seconds or longer while a pty is displayed, the display changes every 300 ms. when the desired program type is displayed, pressing either the up or down key during the five seconds the program type is displayed instigates a search of the entire band for an rds station broadcast- ing a program of that program type. when a corresponding station is detected, the pty display is automati- cally cleared. none affaires news other m pty code 0 pty code 1 pty code 2 pty code 16 if the up , down , or pty key is not pressed within five seconds while a program type is displayed, the pty display is automatically cleared, the pty indicator is turned off, and ps display (or frequency display) is performed. the pty display is cleared when the system is started by pressing the power key. random/ams this key is used as an ams on/off setting key in tape mode. if this key is held down for at least two seconds in cd changer mode, it can be used as a disc random mode on/off setting key. if the key is released within two seconds, it is used as a random mode on/off setting key. (1) ams on/off setting this key is used as an ams (auto music search) control key. each time this key is pressed, ams is alternately turned on/off. while ams is on, lcd indicator ams appears. (2) disc random mode on/off setting each time this key is pressed, the disc random mode is turned on/off. during disk random mode operation, lcd indicators random and all appear. (3) random mode on/off setting each time this key is pressed, the random mode is alternately turned on/off. during random mode operation, lcd indicator random appears. in the initial state after the power is first applied, random mode and disc random mode are turned off.
m pd178016gc-051 30 momentary key description rds/region this key acts as a region mode on/off key when held down for two seconds. when it is released within two seconds, this key acts as an rds mode on/off key. (1) rds mode on/off setting this key is valid while an fm band is being received in radio mode. when rds mode is on, lcd indicator rds appears. while rds mode is selected, the following processing is performed. af operation and best station are performed. pi seek is performed if best station has failed. rds seek is performed for seek and auto-retuning. (2) region mode on/off setting this key is used to select the method used to judge the pi code of the rds station to which the device is switched when af switching to an rds station in the fm band and pi seek occur. this key is valid while an fm band is being received in radio mode. if initial setting diode region is open, however, turning on/off region mode is invalid, and rds mode on/off setting becomes valid as soon as this key is pressed. when region mode is on, lcd indicator region appears. when pi codes are compared in region mode, 12 bits of the pi codes, except the area cover codes of the pi codes, are compared. if the area cover code is 0 to 2, however, 16 bits of a pi code are compared. when region mode is off, 16 bits are compared when pi codes are compared. rds mode and region mode are off in the initial state after the power is first applied. repeat this key acts as the disc repeat mode on/off key when it is held down for two seconds. when it is released within two seconds, this key acts as the repeat mode on/off key. this key is valid in cd changer mode. repeat mode on/off setting when repeat mode is on, only the track currently being played is repeated. in repeat mode, lcd indicator repeat appears. disc repeat mode on/off setting when disc repeat mode is on, all the tracks of the disc currently being played are repeated. in disc repeat mode, lcd indicators repeat and all appear. both repeat mode and disc repeat mode are off in the initial state after the power is first applied.
m pd178016gc-051 31 momentary key description sel/loud this key acts as the loudness on/off key when it is held down for two seconds. when it is released within two seconds, this key selects the electronic volume control function. (1) selecting the electronic volume control function each time this key is pressed to select the electronic volume control function, the mode changes as illustrated below. if initial setting diode fad is jumpered, fader mode cannot be used. 5 seconds normal volume bass treble balance fader each time the key is pressed, one of the above modes is set for five seconds. in each electronic volume control mode, adjustment can be made by using the vol up or vol down key. for details, refer to the description of the vol up and vol down keys. the volume can be adjusted in normal display mode. in each of the above modes, vol, bas, tre, bal, or fad and the set value are displayed. after five seconds, normal display mode is restored. (2) loudness on/off setting when loudness mode is on, lcd indicator loud appears. at this time, the loud pin (pin 48) outputs a high level signal. the volume control display is cleared when the system is started by pressing the power key. loudness mode is off in the initial state when the power is first applied. tape (1) in radio/cd changer mode this key is used to select tape mode. (2) in tape mode this key switches the tape side between a and b. tp/sk this key is used to turn on/off traffic information interrupt enable mode (tp/sk mode). this key is valid in power-on mode. while an am band is being received, however, presing this key causes the fm1 band to be selected. tp/sk mode is turned on/off for each band (fm1, fm2, and fm3). tp/sk mode on/off setting if the device is tuned to an fm band station, this key is valid even in cd changer/tape mode. when tp/ sk mode is selected, lcd indicator tp/sk appears. in tp/sk mode, auto-seek detects traffic information stations only. while tp/sk mode is on, the operations performed are as follows. while traffic information is being received in radio mode, the sk mute pin (pin 19) outputs a high level signal. the ta/dk pin (pin 18) outputs a low level signal. in cd changer/tape mode, radio mode is selected, and traffic information is output. while traffic information is not being received in radio mode, the sk mute pin (pin 19) outputs a low level signal. the ta/dk pin (pin 18) outputs a high level signal. tp/sk mode is off in the initial state after power is first applied.
m pd178016gc-051 32 momentary key description these keys act as auto-seek and manual seek keys in radio mode. in cd changer mode, they act as up and down keys for track/search. in tape mode, they act as ff and rew keys. while the clock is displayed, these keys are used to adjust the clock. (1) in radio mode when used for auto-seek while the auto indicator is lit in radio mode, these keys are used to perform auto-seek. pressing a key instigates a search for a station. once a station has been detected, the device receives that station. in rds mode, rds seek is performed. in tp/sk mode, tp/sk seek is performed. in pty display mode, pty seek is performed. when used for manual seek while the auto indicator is not lit in radio mode, these keys are used for manual seek. each time the key is pressed, the frequency is increased or decreased by 1 step (1 channel separation), respectively. when either key is pressed and held down for about 0.5 seconds, the frequency is continuously increased or decreased at a rate of about one step every 50 ms, respectively, until the key is released. in pty display mode, pty seek is performed. (2) in tape mode pressing the up key fast-forwards the tape. pressing the down key rewinds the tape. while ams is on, ams ff/rew is performed. a search is made for the beginning of a track, then that track is played. while ams is off, ff/rew is performed. during ff/rew operation, lcd indicator or blinks. (3) in cd changer mode if either of these keys is held down for about 0.5 seconds, search up/down is performed for as long as the key is held down. if the key is released within 0.5 seconds, 1-track up/down operation is performed. during track up/down operation, the lcd panel switches to the display of the track number. during search up/down operation, the panel switches to the time display. (4) when used to adjust the clock by pressing the up or down key in clock adjustment mode, the hour and minute digits of the clock can be adjusted. adjustment of the hour digits each time the up key is pressed, the hour digits of the clock are incremented by one. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the digits increment continuously every 0.2 seconds until the key is released. while the hour digits are being adjusted, the minute digits and second count value are not affected. adjustment of the minute digits each time the down key is pressed, the minute digits of the clock are incremented by one. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the digits increment continuously every 0.1 seconds until the key is released. there is no carry-over to the hour digits. when clock adjustment is completed by pressing the disp/adj key, the second digits are cleared to 0. up down
m pd178016gc-051 33 momentary key description these keys are used to adjust each electronic volume control function (volume, bass, treble, balance, fader) in electronic volume control mode. either of the following two types of electronic volume controls can be selected. (1) tda7313 (initial setting diode volsel = 0) (2) tea6320 (initial setting diode volsel = 1) (1) tda7313 tda7313 can be used when initial setting diode volsel = 0. (a) volume these keys are valid during normal/volume display. the electronic volume control function becomes valid when the key is pressed, and the volume is incremented or decremented in units of 1.25 [db]. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the volume is successively incremented or decremented by 1.25 [db] every 0.1 seconds, until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is volume 38 (-31.25 [db]). display (64 steps) vol 0 vol 1 vol 2 ... vol 62 vol 63 attenuation [db] -78.75 -77.50 -76.25 ... -1.25 0 (b) bass the bass control function is valid only in bass display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the bass is incremented or decremented in units of 2 [db]. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the bass is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of 2 [db] every 0.3 seconds, until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is bass 0 (0 [db]). display (15 steps) bas - 7 bas - 6 ... bas 0 ... bas + 6 bas + 7 attenuation [db] -14 -12 ... 0 ... 12 14 (c) treble the treble control function is valid only in treble display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the treble is incremented or decremented in units of 2 [db]. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the treble is successively incremented or decremented every 0.3 seconds in units of 2 [db], until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is tre 0 (0 [db]). display (15 steps) tre - 7 tre - 6 ... tre 0 ... tre + 6 tre + 7 attenuation [db] -14 -12 ... 0 ... 12 14 vol up vol down
m pd178016gc-051 34 momentary key description (d) balance the balance control function is valid only in balance display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed. pressing a key increments or decrements the balance by one step, respectively. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the balance is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of one step every 0.3 seconds. incrementing or decrementing stops when bal cnt is reached. the initial value when the power is first applied is bal cnt (0 [db]) for both the left and right. display bal bal bal bal bal bal bal bal (15 steps) cnt l1 l2 l3 l4 l5 l6 l7 attenuation right 0 -1.25 -2.5 -5.0 -10.0 -17.5 -37.5 mute [db] left 0 0 0 00000 display bal bal bal bal bal bal bal bal (15 steps) r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 cnt attenuation right 0 0 0 00000 [db] left mute -37.5 -17.5 -10.0 -5.0 -2.5 -1.25 0 (e) fader the fader can be adjusted when initial setting diode fad = 0. this function is valid in fader display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the fader is incremented or decremented by one step. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the fader is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of one step every 0.3 seconds. incrementing or decrementing stops when fad cnt is reached. the initial value when the power is first applied is fad cnt (0 [db]) for both the front and rear. display fad fad fad fad fad fad fad fad (15 steps) cnt f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 attenuation front 0 0 0 00000 [db] rear 0 -1.25 -2.5 -5.0 -10.0 -17.5 -37.5 mute display fad fad fad fad fad fad fad fad (15 steps) r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 cnt attenuation front mute -37.5 -17.5 -10.0 -5.0 -2.5 -1.25 0 [db] rear 0 0 0 00000 vol up vol down
m pd178016gc-051 35 momentary key description (2) tea6320 tea6320 can be used when initial setting diode volsel = 1. (a) volume these keys are valid during normal/volume display. the electronic volume control function becomes valid when the key is pressed, and the volume is incremented or decremented in units of 2 [db]. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the volume is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of 2 [db] every 0.1 seconds, until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is vol 22 (-24 [db]). display (41 steps) vol 0 vol 1 vol 2 ... vol 39 vol 40 attenuation [db] mute -66 -64 ... 8 10 (b) bass the bass control function is valid only in bass display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the bass is incremented or decremented in units of 3 [db]. when the key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the bass is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of 3 [db] every 0.3 seconds, until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is bas 0 (0 [db]). display (9 steps) bas - 4 bas - 3 ... bas 0 ... bas + 3 bas + 4 attenuation [db] -12 -9 ... 0 ... 9 12 (c) treble the treble control function is valid only in treble display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the treble is incremented or decremented in units of 3 [db]. when either key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the treble is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of 3 [db] every 0.3 seconds, until the key is released. the initial value when the power is first applied is tre 0 (0 [db]). display (9 steps) tre - 4 tre - 3 ... tre 0 ... tre + 3 tre + 4 attenuation [db] -12 -9 ... 0 ... 9 12 vol up vol down
m pd178016gc-051 36 momentary key description (d) balance the balance control function is valid only in balance display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the balance is incremented or decremented by one step. when a key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the balance is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of one step every 0.3 seconds. the initial value when the power is first applied is bal cnt (0 [db]) for both the left and right. display bal bal bal bal bal bal bal bal (15 steps) cnt l1 l2 l3 l4 l5 l6 l7 attenuation right 0 -2 -4 -8 -16 -35 -55 mute [db] left 0 0 0 00000 display bal bal bal bal bal bal bal bal (15 steps) r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 cnt attenuation right 0 0 0 00000 [db] left mute -55 -35 -16 -8 -4 -2 0 (e) fader the fader can be adjusted when initial setting diode fad = 0. this function is valid in fader display mode. this function becomes valid as soon as either of these keys is pressed, and the fader is incremented or decremented by one step. when either key is held down for about 0.5 seconds, the fader is successively incremented or decremented at a rate of one step every 0.3 seconds. the initial value when the power is first applied is fad cnt (0 [db]) for both the front and rear. display fad fad fad fad fad fad fad fad (15 steps) cnt f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 attenuation front 0 0 0 00000 [db] rear 0 -2 -4 -8 -16 -35 -55 mute display fad fad fad fad fad fad fad fad (15 steps) r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 cnt attenuation front mute -55 -35 -16 -8 -4 -2 0 [db] rear 0 0 0 00000 vol up vol down
m pd178016gc-051 37 3. rds (radio data system) functions 3.1 processing rds data the m pd178016gc-051 incorporates an rds data decoder section. whether error correction is performed can be selected. if error correction is performed, the number of correction bits can be set to 1 to 5. the m pd178016gc-051 uses the following eight types of data. (1) pi (program identification) (2) ps (program service name) (3) pty (program type) (4) af (alternative frequency) (5) eon (enhanced other network) (6) tp (traffic program identification) (7) ta (traffic announcement identification) (8) ct (clock time and data) 3.1.1 pi (program identification) pi is used to identify the program being received. 3.1.2 ps (program service name) ps is used for ps display on the lcd panel. when identical ps data is read two or more times, the ps data is confirmed and displayed on the lcd panel. about five seconds after the completion of tuning, the lcd panel changes to the ps display. if ps data cannot be read within about five seconds, the lcd panel changes to the ps display at the point where ps data is read. once ps data has been read, if display switching is performed with the disp key and tp/sk mode is turned on or off, the most-recently read ps data will be displayed about five seconds later, even if no other ps data is subsequently read. 3.1.3 pty (program type) pty is used to identify an alarm and display a program type. if an alarm is read while the device is tuned to an rds station, the device is switched to radio mode (if in tape/ cd mode) and the ta/dk pin (pin 18) goes low. by pressing the pty key, the program type can be displayed or a search for a given program type can be performed. (see section 2.5.3 .) program types are allocated as follows. the character string enclosed in parentheses in the program type column is displayed in the 14-segment display area of the lcd panel when the corresponding program type is selected.
m pd178016gc-051 38 no. program type 0, 16 to 30 no program type (none) 1 news (news) 2 current affairs (affaires) 3 information (info) 4 sports (sport) 5 education (educate) 6 drama (drama) 7 culture (culture) 8 science (science) 9 variety (varied) 10 pop music (pop m) 11 rock music (rock m) 12 m.o.r music (m_o_r_m) 13 light classic music (light m) 14 serious classic (classics) 15 other music (other m) 31 alarm (alarm) 3.1.4 rds memory the rds memory of the m pd178016gc-051 consists of the following: af list ps codes, pi codes, and af codes for 25 stations can be stored in each preset memory and each last channel. the af list of the station currently being received can store the af codes for 15 stations, in addition to the af codes for the 25 stations mentioned above (giving a total of 40 stations). if, however, an af operation, best station, or tuning operation other than an eon operation is performed, the af codes for the 15 stations are cleared. pool memory pi codes for 15 stations can be stored. af codes for 25 stations can be stored for each pi code.
m pd178016gc-051 39 3.1.5 af (alternative frequency) the same contents as those of the rds station currently being received are used as the code of the frequency broadcast. the read af code is stored into rds memory. method a and method b are supported. if the reception of the rds station currently being received deteriorates in rds mode, a search is made for a station having the same pi code and the frequency is changed (af operation). (1) judging the start of af operation (a) af operation start condition the af operation start conditions are listed below. signal meter reading range pending range a range b range c decode state number pending ooo 40 or greater ooo 35 or greater and less than 40 ooo 30 or greater and less than 35 o d o 15 or greater and less than 30 o dd less than 15 o dd o : af operation does not start. d : single-station/all-station af operation starts. note : all-station af operation starts. note select single-station or all-station af operation by using initial setting diode afall. (b) determining the signal meter reading range determine the ranges (ranges a, b, and c, and range pending) of the signal meter readings by means of the following procedure: <1> read the signal meter reading from the s meter pin (pin 3) every 100 ms and calculate the average of the last five signal meter readings. <2> after the frequency has been changed, processing <3> below is not performed. the range remains pending until five signal meter readings have been obtained. <3> determine the signal meter reading ranges illustrated below, based on the calculated average of the signal meter readings.
m pd178016gc-051 40 figure 3-1. signal meter reading ranges (where smt_a/b voltage > smt_b/c voltage) signal meter reading (v) (pin 3) input voltage of smt_a/b pin (pin 1) input voltage of smt_b/c pin (pin 2) range a range b range c the boundary voltages between the adjacent ranges are those voltages input to the smt_a/b pin and smt_b/c pin when the power is first applied. these voltages must be input so that smt_a/b voltage > smt_b/c voltage. if smt_a/b voltage smt_b/c voltage, the smt_b/c voltage is invalid, so that the smt_a/b voltage is used as the boundary voltage. in this case, two ranges, a and c, are used, as shown below. figure 3-2. signal meter reading ranges (where smt_a/b voltage smt_b/c voltage) signal meter reading (v) (pin 3) supply voltage v dd = 5 v input voltage of smt_a/b pin (pin 1) range a range c (c) determining the decode state <1> calculate the average of ten blocks, decoded in one second, and use this average as the decode state (number/number pending). <2> the number of blocks remains pending until ten items of data have been read after the frequency has been changed. <3> if the rds pin is high when the number of blocks is read, the number of blocks at that time will be 0.
m pd178016gc-051 41 (2) af operation disable time/af reception disable time (a) af operation disable time this is the period during which af operation is disabled. while the referenced disable timer is set, af operation is not started. (b) setting of af operation disable time (i) when af operation fails the following af operation disable time is set depending on the signal meter reading (s m reading) ranges when the af operation was started. s m reading range disable time range a 5 seconds range b 60 to 5 seconds note range c 60 seconds note the af operation disable time for range b is set as follows: range b is divided into 32 steps. the range into which the s m reading falls is judged. range = (s m reading - input value of smt_b/c pin) 32 (input value of smt_a/b pin - input value of smt_b/c pin) division is performed with the result truncated below the decimal point. the disable time is set for each range as follows: range disable time (seconds) 31 60 30 58 29 56 change of 2 seconds/range 10 18 916 814 712 611 510 49 38 27 16 05 ...
m pd178016gc-051 42 (ii) when changing the tunable frequency af operation is disabled after the frequency has been changed until the reception state is stabilized. disable time 3 seconds (iii) when power is first applied af operation is disabled until reception stabilizes. disable time 5 seconds (iv) if af operation fails repeatedly in a tunnel if the s m reading range changes from a to c, and if the af operation has failed in range c, the system judges that the vehicle is currerntly in a tunnel. if this judgment is made, af operation is disabled depending on the number of times the operation has failed, so that af operation is not retried frequently. disable time (number of successive failures - 1) 60 seconds (9 minutes max.) the number of successive failures is cleared in the following cases: when the tunable frequency is changed (except during af operation/b.s./eon operation) if s m reading range is not in range c if af operation/b.s./eon operation is successful (v) if af operation is repeatedly successful in the same region <1> if the af operation (where s m reading range is a) is successful in the decode state, the frequency at which the operation succeeded is recorded. <2> if the number of stations for which the af operation succeeded is three or less within one hour when <1> is repeatedly successful, it is judged that all the stations are suffering from reception abnormalities such as multipath. however, this judgment is not made until <1> succeeds six times in a row. <3> if a fault such as multipath occurs, the af operation is immediately started even if the af operation has been successful; therefore, the af operation is disabled. disable time 10 seconds <4> the frequency recorded in <1> is cleared in the following cases: when the tunable frequency is changed (except during af operation/b.s./eon operation) when the af operation succeeds in the s m reading range (where the s m reading range is b or c)
m pd178016gc-051 43 (c) af reception disable time this is the period during which the checking of a specific frequency during af operation is disabled. while the timer to be referenced is set, the frequency is not checked by the af operation. when the tunable frequency is changed (except during af operation/b.s./eon operation), the af reception disable time for all frequencies is cleared. (d) setting af reception disable time (i) the disable time is set, as shown below, for that frequency at which the af operation has failed for the cause of the failure of the operation. cause disable time s m reading 2 minutes if 4 minutes pi once 7 minutes pi two times 4 minutes pi non-coincidence 12 minutes (ii) when the af operation has been successful, the disable time is set as follows so that the original station is not restored to the received frequency immediately after the af operation has been successful. disable time 1 minute (3) af operation flow of af operation <1> all signal meter readings for those frequencies having the same priority are measured. <2> the measured signal meter readings are sorted starting from the greatest reading. <3> if and pi are checked, in this order, starting from the greatest signal meter reading. when pi coincides, the af operation is stopped. <4> if an af station is not found in <1> through <3> , <1> through <3> are repeated for a lower priority. where the priority is 1, however, when a frequency having priority 1 has been received, the signal meter reading, if, and pi are successively checked, in this order. if it is judged that no station is detected, the next frequency is measured. (a) single-station af operation one station is received and checked by turning on/off mute once, to check the original station. after the original station has been received for one second, mute is detected (five seconds after if mute is not detected), and the next station is received and checked. example where two stations have priority 1, three stations have priority 2, and two stations have priority 3 (see figure 3-3 ) <1> a station with priority 1 is received at i, and its signal meter reading, if, and pi are checked, in this order. <2> if an rds station cannot be received in <1> above, the second station having priority 1 is received at ii, and its signal meter reading, if, and pi are checked, in this order.
m pd178016gc-051 44 <3> if an rds station with priority 1 cannot be received in <1> and <2> above, stations with priority 2 are received at iii, iv, and v, and the signal meter reading of each station is measured. <4> the measured signal meter readings are sorted, starting from the greatest reading. <5> if and pi are checked in the order of the sorted signal meter readings, at iv, vii, and viii. if no station having priority 2 is found, and if the signal meter reading unacceptable in <3> , <6> is performed. if the signal meter reading is acceptable in <3> , the operation is completed when the af operation next fails. subsequently, <6> is performed by the next af operation. <6> a station having priority 3 is checked in the same manner as a station having priority 2. <7> it is assumed that the af operation has been successful when pi is judged as being acceptable, after which the af operation is completed. figure 3-3. single-station af operation mute pin i ii iii iv v vi vii viii single-station af starts single-station af completed (b) all-station af operation stations are sequentially received by turning mute on/off once, until a station for which reception is satisfactory is found. all the frequencies in the af list are checked. if a station for which reception is satisfactory cannot be found, it is assumed that af operation has failed, and the af operation is completed. example where one station has priority 1, three stations have priority 2, and two stations have priority 3 (see figure 3-4 ) (a) <1> through <6> in the example of single-station af operation are successively performed. <7> it is assumed that the af operation has been successful, and the af operation is completed when pi is judged as being acceptable. figure 3-4. all-station af operation i ii iii iv v vi vii viii all-station af completed mute pin all-station af starts
m pd178016gc-051 45 (c) af timing the frequencies in the af list are received at the following timings. h l h l h l mute lpfsel agcc <1> <3> <4> <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> <10> <2> <1> preceding mute time (3 ms) <2> pll set time <3> lock wait time (40 ms max.) <4> sd stabilization wait time (1 ms) <5> signal meter reading measurement time <6> if stabilization wait time (5 ms) <7> if measurement time (4 ms, 40 ms max.) <8> following mute time (3 ms) (mute is cleared if initial setting diode no_pim is jumpered.) <9> pi decode once wait time (400 ms max.) <10> pi decode two times wait time (800 ms max.) (4) judgment of pi code (a) judgment of pi code when region mode is off when 16 bits coincide, the station is judged as being the same. (b) judgment of pi code when region mode is on when 12 bits of the pi code, except the area cover code, coincide, the station is judged as being the same. if, however, the area cover code is 0 to 2, the station is judged as being the same when 16 bits coincide. for the uk market, however, 8 bits are used for judgment (the area cover code and the last 4 bits are not used). (c) af operation for station in different region the following processing is performed so that a station in a different region is not easily selected during af operation. <1> the signal meter reading at which the existence of a station is judged is changed between a station whose region coincides (or is unknown) and a station whose region is different, where the signal meter reading of the af operation is judged. <2> the value at which the signal meter for a station in a different region is judged is set to 5 v (0ffh) when the tunable frequency is changed. <3> each time the af operation fails, the value at which the signal meter for a station in a different region is judged is decreased by 0.3125 v (10h). the minimum value is the voltage input to the smt_b/c pin, or +0.3125 v.
m pd178016gc-051 46 (5) identification of priority of method (a) identification of method method a is identified if the af code in that portion for the af list where the number of stations and af codes are paired is the same three times in a row. method b is identified if this af code differs even once. this identification is made each time the tunable frequency has been changed. (b) setting of priority by method each of the recorded af codes is assigned a priority. the procedure for updating or searching the af list is determined according to the priority. the af code is read with priority 5 until method is identified. all the af codes are read with priority 2 with method a. method b is set as follows: number of stations af1 af1, af2, tf condition priority priority af1 af2 af1 = tf af1 < af2 2 high af1 1 tf 3 af1 = tf af1 > af2 4 af1 1 tf 5 low priority 1 is set to the frequency at which a station is actually received. (c) updating af list processing when af code to be read is not in rds memory an af code is added to the beginning of the priority that is the same as that of the af code to be read. if, as a result, the rds memory capacity exceeds the rated value, the af code having the lowest priority is deleted. processing when the af code to be read is already in rds memory if the priority of a previously read af code is higher than that of the af code to be read, the af code is not read. if the priority of the af code to be read is higher than that of a previously read af code, the previously read af code is deleted and a new code is added. 3.1.6 best station the reception state is checked when an rds station is received. if the reception is poor, a search is made for a station having the same pi code, and the frequency is changed. this operation is performed in rds mode. (1) best station start condition if the reception of the newly received frequency remains poor even after the following operations have been performed, best station is started (when signal meter reading < smt_b/c input voltage: +0.3125 v). however, best station is not started when the fm tuner is turned on. if a station for which the reception is good cannot be found as a result of best station, pi seek is started. radio mode selection band switching preset memory calling
m pd178016gc-051 47 (2) operation of best station (a) one station is received at a time in steps <1> through <5> , below, starting from the beginning of the af list, and the signal meter reading for each station is measured. <1> mute is turned on, and the lpfsel pin (pin 27) is driven high after the completion of the preceding mute time (3 ms). <2> a channel on the af list is received. <3> the signal meter reading is measured using the s meter pin (pin 3), 1 ms after the station has been locked. if the station is not locked after 40 ms, and if the signal meter reading is less than that when best station was started, or if it is less than the best station start condition, <5> is performed. <4> the input signal meter reading is stored into ram. <5> the above operation is repeated starting from <2> if there is another station to be checked. (b) pi check is sequentially performed starting from the greatest of the signal meter readings measured in (a). <1> a channel on the af list is received. <2> the signal meter reading is measured by using the s meter pin, 1 ms after the station has been locked. if the station is not locked after 40 ms, and if the signal meter reading is less than that when best station was started, or less than the best station start condition, <8> is performed. <3> if is measured 5 ms after if initial setting diode fm sd/if is jumpered. if if is not within the permissible range, <8> is performed. <4> the lpfsel pin is driven low. <5> reading pi is awaited. if decoding is not performed once within 400 ms, <8> is performed. if decoding is not performed two times within 800 ms, <8> is performed. <6> the read pi code is checked for coincidence. for an explanation of how to check the pi code, see (4) in section 3.1.5 . <7> if the pi code coincides, that station is received, and best station is completed. <8> if there is another station to be checked, the above operation is repeated starting from <1> . <9> if no station is found after all the frequencies on the af list have been searched, best station is terminated, and pi seek is performed. 3.1.7 automatic station selection a search is made for a station by using the rds data during seek. the following four types of seek operations can be performed. (1) rds seek (2) pi seek (3) pty seek (4) tp/sk seek (1) rds seek rds seek is performed if seek is performed in rds mode. only an rds station is selected from the stations that are judged to have a station. rds seek is terminated if the following condition is satisfied. (a) if a pi code is read within 650 ms after the existence of a station has been judged.
m pd178016gc-051 48 (2) pi seek pi seek is performed if best station has failed in rds mode. only an rds station having the same pi code as that of the rds station being received before best station operation is started is selected from the stations that are judged to have a station. pi seek is terminated if all the following conditions are satisfied. (a) if a pi code is read within 650 ms after the existence of a station has been judged. (b) if the pi code is compared and coincides. if an rds station having the same pi code is not found after the band has been subject to one round of searching, the frequency to which the system was tuned before the operation was started is received. (3) pty seek pty seek is performed when seek is performed in pty mode. only an rds station from which the same pty code as pty displayed before the start of pty seek is selected from the stations that are judged to have a station. pty seek is completed if all the following conditions are satisfied. (a) if a pty code is read within 650 ms after the existence of a station has been judged. (b) if the pty code is compared and coincides. if an rds station having the same pi code is not found after the band has been subject to one round of searching, the frequency to which the system was tuned before the operation was started is received. (4) tp/sk seek tp/sk seek is performed if seek is performed in tp/sk mode. only an rds station from which tp = 1 is read is selected from all the stations that are judged to have a station. tp/sk seek is terminated if all the following conditions are satisfied. (a) if tp code is read within 650 ms after existence of a station has been judged. (b) tp code = 1 if rds mode is off, however, the station for which the sk pin (pin 65) is low is also selected. if the tp code is read within 1 150 ms of the existence of a station having been judged, tp/sk seek is terminated. 3.1.8 emergency broadcasting reception when emergency broadcasting is started, radio mode is selected, and the emergency broadcast is received. this section explains how emergency broadcasting is received. (1) if tp/sk mode is off in cd changer/tape mode <1> the frequencies of the most-recently selected band, from the minimum frequency to the maximum frequency, are searched, and that rds station for which reception is strongest is selected. when the am band was selected last, fm1 is received. <2> search is performed again if the state in which the pty code cannot be decoded persists for 30 seconds when <1> is being received. <3> if the pty code indicates emergency broadcasting (pty = 31) in the state in which the pty code can be decoded, radio mode is selected, and the alarm indicator blinks. <4> upon the completion of emergency broadcasting, the original sound is restored (when the pty code has been changed, or 30 seconds after the pty code can no longer be read). (2) if tp/sk mode is on <1> the most-recently selected channel of the most-recently selected band is received. when the am band was selected last, fm1 is received. <2> if the pty code indicates emergency broadcasting (pty = 31) in the state in which the pty code can be decoded, radio mode is selected, and the alarm indicator blinks.
m pd178016gc-051 49 <3> upon the completion of emergency broadcasting, the original sound is restored (when the pty code has been changed, or 30 seconds after the pty code can no longer be read). 3.1.9 eon (enhanced other network) this data is used as the code for the information of an rds station other than the network of the received rds station. the eon operation is explained next. (1) when ta of group 14b = 1 (on), and when the same list as pi (on) exists in the pool memory, the eon operation is performed. <1> mute is turned on, the lpfsel pin (pin 27) is driven high after the preceding mute time (3 ms), and the channel of the pool memory is received. <2> the signal meter reading is measured by using the s meter pin 1 ms after the station has been locked. if the station is not locked after 40 ms, and if the signal meter reading is less than the voltage being input to the smt_b/c pin (+0.3125 v), <4> is performed. <3> the measured signal meter reading is stored into ram. <4> the above operation is repeated, starting from <1> , if there is another station to be checked. (2) pi is checked sequentially, starting from the greatest of the measured signal meter readings. <1> the channel of the pool memory is received. <2> after a station has been locked, if is measured after 5 ms if initial setting diode fm if/sd is jumpered. if if is not within the permissible range, <6> is performed. <3> the reading of pi is awaited. if decoding is not performed once within 400 ms, <6> is performed. if decoding is not performed two times within 800 ms, <6> is performed. <4> the read pi code is checked for the coincidence of 16 bits. <5> if the pi code coincides, the receiving of a station is awaited for four seconds until both tp and ta are set to 1. if a station can be received, that station is received, and the eon operation is completed. <6> the above operation is repeated, starting from <1> , if there is another station to be checked. <7> the eon operation is completed if no station is found after all the frequencies of the pool memory have been searched. 3.1.10 tp (traffic program identification), ta (traffic announcement identification) tp and ta are used to identify the broadcasting state of traffic information. traffic information is received in tp/sk mode. if the state, in which tp or ta of the rds station being received is not 1, lasts for four seconds, tp/sk seek up is started (when initial setting diode retune = 1). if rds mode is off, however, tp/sk seek up is started if the state, in which the sk pin (pin 65) is not low, lasts for four seconds. (1) traffic information standby ? traffic information reception the state is changed from traffic information standby to traffic information reception when eon is received with tp = ta = 1 or ta = 1 (on). if rds mode is off, however, the state is also changed when the sk and dk pins (pin 65 and 64) go low.
m pd178016gc-051 50 operation when tp = ta = 1 (or when both the sk and dk pins are low) in radio mode the sk mute pin (pin 19) is driven high. the ta/dk pin (pin 18) is driven low. in cd changer/tape mode radio mode is selected. common if the volume is less than the initial value, it is automatically changed to the initial value. operation when ta = 1 (on) the rds station having the pi (on) code is searched in rds memory and received. if tp = ta = 1 cannot be read within four seconds of the station being received, the original station is restored and received. operation when tp = ta = 1 is read from an rds station with pi (on) in radio mode the sk mute pin is driven high. the ta/dk pin is driven low. in cd changer/tape mode radio mode is selected. common if the volume is less than the initial value, it is automatically changed to the initial value. (2) traffic information reception ? traffic information standby the state is changed from traffic information reception to traffic information standby if both tp and ta are not 1, or if tp and ta cannot be decoded for 30 seconds. the original station is received if the traffic information reception state is set with ta = 1 (on). in radio mode the sk mute pin is driven low. the ta/dk pin is driven high. in cd changer/tape mode the original sound is restored. common if the volume was automatically changed when the traffic information was received, it is restored to its original level. if the volume was changed manually, however, it is not restored to its original level. 3.1.11 ct (clock time and data) ct is used to adjust the clock. the time transmitted by a broadcast is the coordinated universal time (utc) as specified in the ccir recommendations. it is converted to the local time before being used as clock data. by inputting time announcement information, the internal clock of the m pd178016gc-051 is corrected using the broadcast time information. when initial setting diode ctadj is set to 1, the clock is constantly being corrected by the input of broadcast time information. whenever the clock is corrected, the seconds are reset to zero. note that correction is made based on the broadcast time information, even when the clock is being adjusted using the time adjustment keys. whether to enable adjustment of the clock using the time adjustment keys is specified using initial setting diodes noclk and ctadj.
m pd178016gc-051 51 4. selector control 4.1 timing of transition from power on to off, and vice versa, with the power key 500 ms on off on off * 1 * 1 power key mute output high low internal power state power mode output high low <1> <2> <1> port setting, radio off, and serial communication interruption at power off <2> radio on *1 timing at which a change in key entry is detected (not including chattering removal time)
m pd178016gc-051 52 4.2 timing of transition from power on to off, and vice versa, with the detachable panel 500 ms on off * 1 * 2 panel detachment replacement mute output high low internal power state power mode output high low <1> <2> <3> <1> port setting, radio off, and serial communication interruption at power off <2> radio on <3> start of audio source mode and start of serial communication *1 timing at which panel detachment is detected (not including chattering removal time) *2 timing at which panel mounting is detected (not including chattering removal time)
m pd178016gc-051 53 4.3 timing of audio mode switching example radio to tape 300 ms 100 ms on off mode key mute output high low mode0 output high low mode1 output high low <1> <1> display switching example tape to cd changer on off mode key mute output high low mode0 output high low mode1 output high low 300 ms 500 ms <1> <3> <2> <1> cd changer on <2> one second to confirm that the cd changer is connected (the radio will be connected when a cd changer is not installed). <3> display switching
m pd178016gc-051 54 4.4 timing of audio mode switching while traffic information is being broadcast (in tp/sk mode) example tape to traffic information 300 ms 100 ms on off traffic information on-air state mute output high low mode0 output high low mode1 output high low caution if traffic information is being broadcast in radio mode, mute output is not performed (because the audio mode does not change).
m pd178016gc-051 55 4.5 detection of front panel detachment (1) panel state detection timing when the high level state of the panel input signal is detected ten times in a row, the panel is assumed to have been detached (see <1> ). the time required to assume that the panel has been detached is 10 ms 10 + time required for sensing = 100 ms or longer but less than 110 ms. the timing at which the replacement of the front panel is detected is the same as above. panel 10 ms high low detached replaced front panel state <1> : timing at which the panel input signal is sensed (2) operations performed when front panel detachment and replacement are detected when the front panel is judged to have been detached, the power is turned off irrespective of the setting of the power key. when the panel is judged as being installed, the setting of the power key is checked and, if it is judged to be ok, the power is turned on. (see sections 4.1 and 4.2 for details on power state transitions.)
m pd178016gc-051 56 4.6 timing of audio mode switching timing with pty alarm (pty = 31) example cd changer to pty alarm 300 ms 500 ms * 1 pty = 31 found not found mute output high low mode0 output high low mode1 output high low *1 timing at which pty = 31 is detected (not including the time required to confirm two matches) caution if a pty alarm is generated in radio mode, mute output is not performed because the audio mode does not change.
m pd178016gc-051 57 5. lcd panel 5.1 configuration of the lcd panel an example of the configuration of the lcd panel is shown below. mono stereo rds pscan tp/sk asm tp region ta/dk loc pty eon ch ams metal auto loud all pause random repeat fm1 fm2 fm3 mw lw <1> <2> <3> <4> <5> <6> <7> <8> 5.2 assignment of lcd pins table 5-1 lists the assignments of the lcd pins of the m pd16431a. <1> to <8> indicate the column positions in the 14-segment display area. a through n indicate the following 14 segments. a nn f g e j l m c d k h i b
m pd178016gc-051 58 table 5-1. assignment of lcd pins (1/2) common com0 (21) com1 (22) com2 (23) com3 (24) segment seg1 (25) fm3 mw lw seg2 (26) seg3 (27) fm2 <1> f <1> e fm1 seg4 (28) <1> g <1> j <1> l seg5 (29) <1> a <1> h <1> d loud seg6 (30) <1> i <1> k <1> m seg7 (31) <1> n <1> b <1> c seg8 (32) seg9 (33) stereo <2> f <2> e mono seg10 (34) <2> g <2> j <2> l seg11 (35) <2> a <2> h <2> d all seg12 (36) <2> i <2> k <2> m seg13 (37) <2> n <2> b <2> c seg14 (38) seg15 (39) auto <3> f <3> e rds seg16 (40) <3> g <3> j <3> l seg17 (41) <3> a <3> h <3> d pause seg18 (42) <3> i <3> k <3> m seg19 (43) <3> n <3> b <3> c. seg20 (44) seg21 (45) pscan <4> f <4> e: seg22 (46) <4> g <4> j <4> l seg23 (47) <4> a <4> h <4> d random seg24 (48) <4> i <4> k <4> m seg25 (49) <4> n <4> b <4> c seg26 (50) remarks 1. the digit in parentheses indicates a pin number of the m pd16431a. 2. blank: not used
m pd178016gc-051 59 table 5-1. assignment of lcd pins (2/2) common com0 (21) com1 (22) com2 (23) com3 (24) segment seg27 (51) asm <5> f <5> e tp/sk seg28 (52) <5> g <5> j <5> l seg29 (53) <5> a <5> h <5> d seg30 (54) <5> i <5> k <5> m seg31 (55) <5> n <5> b <5> ctp seg32 (56) seg33 (57) region <6> f <6> e seg34 (58) <6> g <6> j <6> l seg35 (59) <6> a <6> h <6> d seg36 (60) <6> i <6> k <6> m seg37 (61) <6> n <6> b <6> c ta/dk seg38 (62) seg39 (63) loc <7> f <7> e seg40 (64) <7> g <7> j <7> l seg41 (65) <7> a <7> h <7> d repeat seg42 (66) <7> i <7> k <7> m seg43 (67) <7> n <7> b <7> c pty seg44 (68) seg45 (69) <8> f <8> e eon seg46 (70) <8> g <8> j <8> l seg47 (71) <8> a <8> h <8> d seg48 (72) <8> i <8> k <8> m seg49 (73) <8> n <8> b <8> cch seg50 (74) seg51 (75) metal ams remarks 1. the digit in parentheses indicates a pin number of the m pd16431a. 2. blank: not used
m pd178016gc-051 60 5.3 lcd panel displays display description all this indication appears during disc introduction scan, disc repeat, and disc random operations in cd changer mode. ams indicates that the system is in auto music search mode. asm this indication appears during auto-storage operation in radio mode. auto this indication appears in radio mode and auto mode. ch this indicator indicates the channel of a preset memory number. the display turns on when a channel number is displayed in the 14-segment display area. eon indicates that the station currently being received broadcasts traffic information. the display turns on when a ta signal is detected with other rds stations received while an rds station is being received. fm1 indicates the radio band being received. fm2 fm3 lw mw loc this indication appears in radio mode with local set. loud this indication appears in loudness mode. metal the display turns on when metal tape is inserted in tape mode. mono the display turns on when the fm band is received in radio mode and forced mono mode. pause this indication appears during pause in cd changer mode. pscan this indication appears during preset memory scan operation in radio mode. pty this indication appears during pty search from pty display while an fm band is being received in radio mode. random this indication appears in disc random mode and random mode in cd changer mode. rds this indication appears in rds mode when an fm band is being received in radio mode. region this indication appears in region mode in radio mode. repeat this indication appears in repeat mode and disc repeat mode in cd changer mode. stereo the display turns on when stereo pin goes low while an fm band is being received in radio mode. however, always turns off if forced mono mode is on. ta/dk indicates that the station currently being received is broadcasting traffic information. the display turns on when the ta signal of an rds station or the dk signal of a vf station is detected. tp indicates that the station currently being received broadcasts traffic information. the display turns on when the tp signal of an rds station or the sk signal of a vf station is detected. tp/sk the display turns on when an fm band is being received in tp/sk mode. indicates that the station currently being received is an rds station. the display turns on when the pi signal of an rds station is read while an fm band is being received. indicates the tape running direction.
m pd178016gc-051 61 display description 14-segment displays the following: display area (1) received frequency (2) ps (program service name) (3) clock (4) tape (5) cd changer (6) electronic volume control (1) received frequency display <1> in the fm band (108.00 mhz) <2> in the mw band (1 620 khz) <3> in the lw band (281 khz) (2) ps display (if ps data is m pd178016)
m pd178016gc-051 62 display description 14-segment (3) clock display display area <1> 24-hour display (21:00) <2> 12-hour display (9:00 p.m.) <3> 12-hour display (11:59 a.m.)
m pd178016gc-051 63 display description 14-segment (4) tape display display area <1> play <2> load <3> eject 14-segment (5) cd changer display display area <1> track display (disc 3, track 4) <2> display of elapsed time (3 minutes 8 seconds) <3> eject display
m pd178016gc-051 64 display description 14-segment (6) electronic volume control display display area <1> volume display (volume 13) <2> bass display (bass -6) <3> treble display (treble 4) <4> balance display (balance l 12) <5> fader display (fader f 5)
m pd178016gc-051 65 6. description of m pd16431a control the m pd178016gc-051 uses the m pd16431a to control the lcd display. the connection of the m pd178016gc-051 to the m pd16431a is illustrated below. 41 39 40 37 38 6 9 7 sck stb keyreq keyreq lcd stb lcd off lcd_dat lcd clk pd178016gc-051 pd16431a m m 11 oe key request strobe clock 8 data data 6.1 key scan key scan using the m pd16431a is performed as follows: (1) detecting a pressed key the controller judges the state of the keyreq pin (pin 6) of the m pd16431a every 20 ms. when the keyreq pin is high, it is assumed that a key is being pressed. noise elimination (chattering elimination) based on three consecutive matches is applied. when noise elimination is performed correctly, the key code is read with serial reception. key data is received within 20 ms while a key is held down (the keyreq pin is high). (2) detecting the release of a key when a key is released, the level of the keyreq pin of the m pd16431a goes from high to low. the pin is scanned every 20 ms and, if the low level is detected three times in a row, it is judged that the key has been released.
m pd178016gc-051 66 6.2 initial data output the m pd178016gc-051 transfers the next initialization data to the m pd16431a about 500 ms after the level of lcd off (pin 40) changes from low to high. lcd clk lcd_dat lcd stb command command : 00001000 (initialization command) 1/4 duty, (f osc /512) /4, internal drive voltage, master, and normal operation are initialized. 6.3 display data output the output of display data to the m pd16431a is shown below. command : 10000100 (status command (at com1 output)) : 10001100 (status command (at com2 output)) : 10010100 (status command (at com3 output)) : 10011100 (status command (at com4 output)) d 0 to d 6 : 00000000 (display data) | 11111111 the above display output is repeated four times when sending display data. d 0 d 1 d 6 lcd clk lcd_dat lcd stb command
m pd178016gc-051 67 6.4 key data input/output the input and output of key data to and from the m pd16431a are shown below. command : 10000101 (status command (key data readout)) d 0 to d 3 : 00000000 (display data) | 11111111 after the status command is send, key data is read from the lcd_dat pin. d 0 d 1 d 3 lcd clk lcd_dat lcd stb keyreq command
m pd178016gc-051 68 7. remote control the m pd6121g ic is used for sending a remote-controller signal. this ic uses a custom code, which must be set correctly to enable the control of the m pd178016gc-051 using a remote-controller signal. the m pd178016gc-051 is operated with custom code 8604h. to set this code, connect diodes and pull-up resistors on the key matrix of the transmitter ic ( m pd6121g). (see section 7.4 .) 7.1 remote control key configuration (when the m pd6121g is used) input pin ki 0 (1) ki 1 (2) ki 2 (3) ki 3 (4) (pin number) output pin (pin number) ki/o 0 (19) m1 m2 m3 m4 ki/o 1 (18) m5 m6 down up ki/o 2 (17) pscan/asm rds/region tp/sk pty ki/o 3 (16) band cdc tape disp/adj ki/o 4 (15) mono/loc vol down vol up sel/loud ki/o 5 (14) auto intro repeat random/ams ki/o 6 (13) ? ? ? ? ki/o 7 (12) power ? ? eject ?: undefined
m pd178016gc-051 69 7.2 description of the remote control keys the functions of the remote control keys are the same as those of the m pd178016gc-051 momentary keys. 7.3 remote control data codes when a single key is pressed remote data code remote data code control key control key d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 m1 00000000 mono/loc 00001000 m2 10000000 vol down 10001000 m3 01000000 vol up 01001000 m4 11000000 sel/loud 11001000 m5 00100000 auto 00101000 m6 10100000 intro 10101000 down 01100000 repeat 01101000 up 11100000 random/ams 11101000 pscan/asm 00010000 ? 00011000 rds/region 10010000 ? 10011000 tp/sk 01010000 ? 01011000 pty 11010000 ? 11011000 band 00110000 power 00111000 cdc 10110000 ? 10111000 tape 01110000 ? 01111000 disp/adj 11110000 eject 11111000 ?: undefined
m pd178016gc-051 70 7.4 sample remote control circuit using the m pd6121g-002 + - 3 v se303a 2sc2001 2.0 w 455 khz 220 pf 220 pf 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 9 10 47 f m ki 0 ki 1 ki 2 ki 3 rem v dd sel osco osci v ss ccs ki/o 0 ki/o 1 ki/o 2 ki/o 3 ki/o 4 ki/o 5 ki/o 6 ki/o 7 lmp pd6121g - 002 m 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 v dd infrared emission diode transmission display led 1 k 7.5 sample remote control preamplifier using the m pc2800ha 1 2345 7 6 8 v cc 1v cc 2 f 0 out c d gnd in in e + +5 v 0 to 1 k 130 k 47 f 0.01 f pc2800ha m m m 0.01 f m to the remin pin (pin 71) of the pd178016gc-051 pin photodiode ph302 ph302b, ph302c, ph310, or other diode m
m pd178016gc-051 71 8. description of cd changer control the m pd178016gc-051 is provided with cd changer control functions. the pin connection between the m pd178016gc-051 and cd changer is illustrated below. 67 47 in cd data input/output pin cd changer 10 k w pd178016gc-051 m cd data v dd to transmit data between the m pd178016gc-051 and cd changer, use the cd changer data input pin (pin 67) and the cd changer data output pin (pin 47). the following cd changer control functions are supported: power-on power-off disc selection play/pause track up/down search up/down repeat introduction scan random for details of each control function, see chapter 2 .
m pd178016gc-051 72 9. electronic volume controls 9.1 electronic volume controls the m pd178016gc-051 uses an electronic volume control ic for audio control and selection. it supports two types of electronic volume control ics, the tda7313 and tea6320. initial setting diode volsel is set depending on which electronic volume control ic is being used. the following electronic volume controls are supported: function electronic volume control ic tda7313 tea6320 volume 0 to 63 steps 0 to 40 steps bass -7 to +7 steps -4 to +4 steps treble -7 to +7 steps -4 to +4 steps balance l7 to r7 steps l7 to r7 steps fader r7 to f7 steps r7 to f7 steps loudness on/off on/off see the description of the vol up and vol down keys for an explanation of how each adjustment is made. 9.2 initial values of electronic volume controls when power is first applied to the m pd178016gc-051, the initial values of the electronic volume controls are as listed below. function initial value tda7313 tea6320 volume 38 steps 22 steps bass 0 step treble 0 step balance 0 step (cnt) fader 0 step (cnt) loudness off
m pd178016gc-051 73 10. mute output timing chart this chapter shows the mute output timings. <1> through <17> in the timing charts on the following pages indicate the time required for each processing, as follows: <1> key on chattering wait time <2> key off chattering wait time <3> key valid wait time <4> preceding mute time <5> division ratio setting time <6> pll lock wait time <7> sd stabilization wait time <8> if measurement time <9> rds data decode wait time (150 ms) <10> pi code read wait time <11> tp code read wait time <12> pi/tp code read wait time <13> sk read wait time <14> pty read wait time <15> following mute time <16> scan wait time <17> power-on processing time
m pd178016gc-051 74 10.1 manual up/down 10.1.1 1-channel up/down <1> <4> <5> <4> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 30 ms 250 ms <3> less than 500 ms key on key off mute time <15> is 550 ms at band edge. 10.1.2 successive up/down <1> <4> <5> <3> <5> <3> <5> <2> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 500 ms 50 ms 250 ms key on key off mute time <3> is 600 ms and time <15> is 550 ms at band edge.
m pd178016gc-051 75 10.2 auto up/down 10.2.1 normal seek <1> <4> <5><6> <7> <8> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 200 ms key on sd found if found mute however, time <7> is 600 ms and time <15> is 500 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. time <8> is 16 to 24 ms in the am band. if an error occurs in <7> or <8> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ). 10.2.2 rds seek <1> <4> <5><6> <7> <8> <9> <10> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms 200 ms key on sd found if found pi found mute however, time <7> is 600 ms and time <15> is 500 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. if an error occurs in <7> , <8> , or <10> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ). 10.2.3 pi seek <1> <4> <5><6> <7> <8> <9> <10> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms 200 ms key on sd found if found pi found, match mute however, time <7> is 600 ms and time <15> is 500 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. if an error occurs in <7> , <8> , or <10> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ).
m pd178016gc-051 76 10.2.4 tp seek <1> <4> <5><6> <7> <8> <9> <11> <13> 30 ms 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms within 500 ms key on sd found if found no tp sk found mute <15> 200 ms however, time <7> is 600 ms and time <15> is 500 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. if an error occurs in <7> , <8> , or <13> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ). if pi/tp is found in <11> , <15> is performed. <13> is not performed in rds mode. if an error occurs in <11> , the next frequency is received. if no error occurs, <15> is performed. 10.2.5 pty seek <1> <4> <5><6> <7> <8> <9> <14> <15> 30 ms 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms 200 ms key on sd found if found pty found, match mute however, time <7> is 600 ms and time <15> is 500 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. if an error occurs in <7> , <8> , or <14> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ).
m pd178016gc-051 77 10.3 preset memory calling <1> <2> <4> <5> <15> 30 ms 30 ms 50 ms 500 ms key on key off mute <3> within two sec 10.4 preset memory scan <1> <2> <4> <5> <15> <4> <5> <1> <15> 30 ms 30 ms 50 ms 500 ms 50 ms 30 ms 500 ms ke y on ke y on ke y off mute <3> within two sec <16> 5 sec
m pd178016gc-051 78 10.5 auto-storage 10.5.1 auto-storage <4> <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> <10> <5> <6> 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms key on sd found if found pi found mute <10> within 500 ms <15> 500 ms <1> 30 ms <3> 2 sec end however, time <7> is 600 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. time <8> is 16 to 24 ms in the am band. if an error occurs in <7> or <8> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ). 10.5.2 tp auto-storage <4> <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> <12> 50 ms 20 ms 8-12 ms 150 ms within 500 ms key on sd found if found no pi/tp mute <13> within 500 ms <5> <6> <13> <15> 500 ms <1> 30 ms <3> more than two sec sk found end however, time <7> is 600 ms if a band edge is detected in the middle. if an error occurs in <7> , <8> , or <13> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ). if pi/tp is found in <12> , the next frequency is received ( <5> ).
m pd178016gc-051 79 10.6 power on/off 10.6.1 power on (1) acc, batt, and panel pins batt acc panel mute powout <1> <17> <6> 125-187.5 ms 0.85 sec 1 sec 150 ms an oscillation stabilization time (31.3 ms) must elapse before <1> in the low current consumption state. (2) power key mute <1> <17> <6> 20-82.5 ms 0.85 sec 1 sec 150 ms power key off ? on powout
m pd178016gc-051 80 10.6.2 power off (1) batt pin mute powout 20 ms 10-30 ms batt <1> (2) acc and panel pins, and power key mute powout 100 ms acc panel 20-50 ms <1> power key off ? on 10.7 mode switching mode0 mode1 mute 50 ms <4> 1 sec <15>
m pd178016gc-051 81 11. sample application circuit vt amosc amifc afout l.p.f vt if, mpx tape cd stereo sd s meter rdsclk rdsdata sk dk fmifc pnl led v dd v dd led panel fmosc eo vol scl vol sda pd178016gc-051-3b9 m m antenna fm front-end processor electronic volume control amplifier speaker ic for rds demodulation initial setting diode matrix am tuner lcd controller/ driver pd16431a logic tape deck lcd panel cd changer scc - 600 cd player key matrix
m pd178016gc-051 82 12. electrical characteristics (preliminary) absolute maximum ratings (t a = 25 c) parameter symbol conditions rating unit power supply voltage v dd -0.3 to +7.0 v input voltage v i1 at other than p60-p63 -0.3 to v dd + 0.3 v v i2 p60-p63 n-ch open-drain -0.3 to +16 v output voltage v o -0.3 to v dd + 0.3 v output withstand voltage v bds p132-p134 n-ch open-drain 16 v analog input voltage v an p10-p15 analog input pin -0.3 to v dd + 0.3 v high-level output current i oh at one pin -10 ma total for p01-p06, p30-p37, p56, p57, p60-p67, -15 ma and p120-p125 total for p10-p15, p20-p27, p40-p47, p50-p55, -5 ma and p132-p134 low-level output current i ol note at one pin peak value 15 ma rms 7.5 ma operating ambient t a -40 to +85 c temperature storage temperature t stg -65 to +150 c note calculate a root-mean-square value as follows: [rms value] = [peak value] ? duty cycle. caution absolute maximum ratings are rated values beyond which physical damage will be caused to the product; if the rated value of any of the parameters in the above table is exceeded, even momentarily, the quality of the product may deteriorate. always use the product within its rated values. recommended operating ranges (t a = -40 to +85 c) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit power supply voltage v dd1 while the cpu and pll are operating 4.5 5.5 v v dd2 while the cpu is operating but the pll is halted 3.5 5.5 v cycle time: t cy 3 0.89 m s v dd3 while the cpu is operating but the pll is halted 4.5 5.5 v cycle time: t cy = 0.44 m s remark t cy : cycle time (minimum instruction execution time)
m pd178016gc-051 83 dc characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 3.5 to 5.5 v) (1/3) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit high-level input voltage v ih1 p10-p15, p21, p23, 0.7v dd v dd v p30-p32, p35-p37, p40-p47, p50-p57, p64-p67, p120-p125 v ih2 p00-p06, p20, p22, 0.85v dd v dd v p24-p27, p33, p34, reset v ih3 p60-p63 0.7v dd 15 v (n-ch open-drain) low-level input voltage v il1 p10-p15, p21, p23, 0 0.3v dd v p30-p32, p35-p37, p40-p47, p50-p57, p64-p67, p120-p125 v il2 p00-p06, p20, p22, 0 0.15v dd v p24-p27, p33, p34, reset v il3 p60-p63 4.5 v v dd 5.5 v 0 0.3v dd v (n-ch open-drain) 3.5 v v dd < 4.5 v 0 0.2v dd v high-level output voltage v oh1 4.5 v v dd 5.5 v, v dd - 1.0 v i oh = -1 ma 3.5 v v dd < 4.5 v, v dd - 0.5 v i oh = -100 m a low-level output voltage v ol1 p50-p57, p60-p63 v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v, 0.4 2.0 v i ol = 15 ma p01-p06, p10-p15, v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v, 0.4 v p20-p27, p30-p37, i ol = 1.6 ma p40-p47, p64-p67, p120-p125, p132-p134 v ol2 sb0, sb1, sck0 v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v, 0.2v dd v when n-ch open-drain is pulled up (r = 1 k w ) remark unless otherwise specified, the characteristics of dual-function pins are as same as those of port pins.
m pd178016gc-051 84 dc characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 3.5 to 5.5 v) (2/3) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit high-level input leakage i lh1 p00-p06, p10-p15, p20-p27, v in = v dd 3 m a current p30-p37, p40-p47, p50-p57, p64-p67, p120-p125, reset i lh2 p60-p63 v in = 15 v 80 m a low-level input leakage i lil1 p00-p06, p10-p15, p20-p27, v in = 0 v -3 m a current p30-p37, p40-p47, p50-p57, p64-p67, p120-p125, reset i lil2 p60-p63 -3 note m a high-level output leakage i loh p132-p134 v out = 15 v 3 m a current low-level output leakage i lol p132-p134 v out = 0 v -3 m a current output-off leakage i lof eo0, eo1 v out = v dd , 1 m a current v out = 0 v note a low-level input leakage current of -200 m a (max.) flows between p60 and p63 only for one clock when an input instruction is executed. during the period other than the one clock, a low-level input leakage current of -3 m a (max.) flows. remark unless otherwise specified, the characteristic of dual-function pins are as same as those of port pins. reference characteristics (t a = 25 c, v dd = 5 v) (1/2) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit high-level output current i oh1 eo0 v out = v dd - 1 v -4 ma eo1 (eocon0 = 1) -6 ma eo1 (eocon0 = 0) -2 ma low-level output current i ol1 eo0 v out = 1 v 6 ma eo1 (eocon0 = 1) 8 ma eo1 (eocon0 = 0) 3 ma
m pd178016gc-051 85 dc characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 3.5 to 5.5 v) (3/3) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit supply current note 1 i dd1 t cy = 0.89 m s note 2 2.5 15 ma i dd2 t cy = 0.44 m s note 3 4.0 27 ma v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v i dd3 t cy = 0.89 m s note 2 0.7 1.5 ma i dd4 1.0 2.0 ma data hold supply voltage v ddr1 while the crystal oscillator t cy = 0.44 m s 4.5 5.5 v v ddr2 is operating t cy = 0.89 m s 3.5 5.5 v v ddr3 while the crystal oscillator 2.6 5.5 v is halted when the power failure is detected by power-on clear data hold supply current i ddr1 while the crystal oscillator t a = 25 c24 m a is halted v dd = 5 v i ddr2 230 m a notes 1. the port current is not included. 2. when both the processor clock control register (pcc) and the oscillation mode selection register (osms) are set to 00h 3. when the pcc is set to 00h, and the osms is set to 01h remarks 1. t cy : cycle time (minimum instruction execution time) 2. f x : system clock oscillator frequency reference characteristics (t a = 25 c, v dd = 5 v) (2/2) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit supply current i dd5 while the cpu and pll are t cy = 0.44 m s note 7ma operating a sinusoidal wave is applied to the vcoh pin. f in = 130 mhz, v in = 0.15 v p-p note when the processor clock control register (pcc) is set to 00h and the oscillation mode selection register (osms) is set to 01h remark t cy : cycle time (minimum instruction execution time) while the cpu is operating but the pll is halted at f x = 4.5 mhz while the cpu is operating but the pll is halted halt mode a sinusoidal wave is applied to the x1 pin (v in = v dd ). at f x = 4.5 mhz t cy = 0.44 m s note 3 v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v
m pd178016gc-051 86 ac characteristics basic operations (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 3.5 to 5.5 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit cycle time (minimum t cy at f xx = f x /2 note 1 and f x = 4.5 mhz 0.89 14.22 m s instruction execution 4.5 v v dd 5.5 v 0.44 7.11 m s time) 3.5 v v dd < 4.5 v 0.89 7.11 m s reset low-level width t rsl 10 m s notes 1. when the oscillation mode selection register (osms) is set to 00h 2. when the osms is set to 01h remarks 1. f xx : system clock frequency (f x or f x /2) 2. f x : system clock oscillator frequency at f xx = f x note 2 and f x = 4.5 mhz
m pd178016gc-051 87 a/d converter characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit resolution 8 8 8 bit total error in conversion 3.0 lsb conversion time t conv 22.2 44.4 m s sampling time t samp 15/f xx m s analog input voltage v ian 0v dd v remarks 1. f xx : system clock frequency (f x /2) 2. f x : system clock oscillator frequency pll characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit operating frequency f in1 vcol pin in mf mode, with a sinusoidal wave 0.5 3 mhz applied to the v in pin = 0.1 v p-p f in2 vcol pin in hf mode, with a sinusoidal wave 9 55 mhz applied to the v in pin = 0.2 v p-p f in3 vcoh pin in vmf mode, with a sinusoidal 60 160 mhz wave applied to the v in pin = 0.15 v p-p ifc characteristics (t a = -40 to +85 c, v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v) parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit operating frequency f in4 amifc pin in amif count mode, with a 0.4 0.5 mhz sinusoidal wave applied to the v in pin = 0.1 v p-p note f in5 fmifc pin in fmif count mode, with a 10 11 mhz sinusoidal wave applied to the v in pin = 0.1 v p-p note f in6 fmifc pin in amif count mode, with a 0.4 0.5 mhz sinusoidal wave applied to the v in pin = 0.1 v p-p note note the condition of sinusoidal wave input v in = 0.1 v p-p is the rated value when the m pd178016gc-051 alone is operating. where influence of noise must be taken into consideration, operation under input amplitude condition of v in = 0.15 v p-p is recommended.
m pd178016gc-051 88 13. package drawing 80 pin plastic qfp (14 14) item millimeters inches note each lead centerline is located within 0.13 mm (0.005 inch) of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. l 0.8 0.2 0.031 +0.009 e0.008 m 0.15 0.006 n 0.10 0.004 p 2.7 0.106 a 17.2 0.4 0.677 0.016 b 14.0 0.2 0.551 +0.009 e0.008 c 14.0 0.2 0.551 +0.009 e0.008 d 17.2 0.4 0.677 0.016 f 0.825 0.032 g 0.825 0.032 h 0.30 0.10 0.012 +0.004 e0.005 i 0.13 0.005 j 0.65 (t.p.) 0.026 (t.p.) q 0.1 0.1 0.004 0.004 r5 5 5 5 +0.10 e0.05 +0.004 e0.003 m m l k j h q p n r detail of lead end i g k 1.6 0.2 0.063 0.008 60 61 40 80 1 21 20 41 a b cd f s s80gc-65-3b9-4 s 3.0 max. 0.119 max.
m pd178016gc-051 89 14. recommended soldering conditions the conditions listed below shall be met when soldering the m pd178016gc-051. for details of the recommended soldering conditions, refer to our document smd surface mount technology manual (c10535e) . please consult with our sales offices in case any other soldering process is used, or in case soldering is done under different conditions. table 14-1. soldering conditions for surface-mount devices m pd178016gc-051-3b9: 80-pin plastic qfp (14 14 mm, 0.65-mm pitch) caution do not apply more than a single process at once, except for partial heating method. soldering process symbol soldering conditions infrared ray reflow vps wave soldering partial heating method ir35-00-3 vp15-00-3 ws60-00-1 ? peak package?s surface temperature: 235 c reflow time: 30 seconds or less (at 210 c or more) maximum allowable number of reflow processes: 3 peak package?s surface temperature: 215 c reflow time: 40 seconds or less (at 200 c or more) maximum allowable number of reflow processes: 3 solder temperature: 260 c or less flow time: 10 seconds or less number of flow processes: 1 preheating temperature: 120 c max. (measured on the package surface) terminal temperature: 300 c or less heat time: 3 seconds or less (for one side of a device)
m pd178016gc-051 90 notes for cmos devices 1 precaution against esd for semiconductors note: strong electric field, when exposed to a mos device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and ultimately degrade the device operation. steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it once, when it has occurred. environmental control must be adequate. when it is dry, humidifier should be used. it is recommended to avoid using insulators that easily build static electricity. semiconductor devices must be stored and transported in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. all test and measurement tools including work bench and floor should be grounded. the operator should be grounded using wrist strap. semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. similar precautions need to be taken for pw boards with semiconductor devices on it. 2 handling of unused input pins for cmos note: no connection for cmos device inputs can be cause of malfunction. if no connection is provided to the input pins, it is possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., hence causing malfunction. cmos device behave differently than bipolar or nmos devices. input levels of cmos devices must be fixed high or low by using a pull-up or pull-down circuitry. each unused pin should be connected to v dd or gnd with a resistor, if it is considered to have a possibility of being an output pin. all handling related to the unused pins must be judged device by device and related specifications governing the devices. 3 status before initialization of mos devices note: power-on does not necessarily define initial status of mos device. production process of mos does not define the initial operation status of the device. immediately after the power source is turned on, the devices with reset function have not yet been initialized. hence, power-on does not guarantee out-pin levels, i/o settings or contents of registers. device is not initialized until the reset signal is received. reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices having reset function.
m pd178016gc-051 91 caution this product contains an i 2 c bus interface circuit. when using the i 2 c bus interface, notify its use to nec when ordering custom code. nec can guarantee the following only when the customer informs nec of the use of the interface: purchase of nec i 2 c components conveys a license under the philips i 2 c patent rights to use these components in an i 2 c system, provided that the system conforms to the i 2 c standard specification as defined by philips. [memo]
m pd178016gc-051 92 regional information some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. before using any nec product in your application, piease contact the nec office in your country to obtain a list of authorized representatives and distributors. they will verify: device availability ordering information product release schedule availability of related technical literature development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and components, host computers, power plugs, ac supply voltages, and so forth) network requirements in addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary from country to country. nec electronics inc. (u.s.) santa clara, california tel: 800-366-9782 fax: 800-729-9288 nec electronics (germany) gmbh duesseldorf, germany tel: 0211-65 03 02 fax: 0211-65 03 490 nec electronics (uk) ltd. milton keynes, uk tel: 01908-691-133 fax: 01908-670-290 nec electronics italiana s.r.1. milano, italy tel: 02-66 75 41 fax: 02-66 75 42 99 nec electronics (germany) gmbh benelux office eindhoven, the netherlands tel: 040-2445845 fax: 040-2444580 nec electronics (france) s.a. velizy-villacoublay, france tel: 01-30-67 58 00 fax: 01-30-67 58 99 nec electronics (france) s.a. spain office madrid, spain tel: 01-504-2787 fax: 01-504-2860 nec electronics (germany) gmbh scandinavia office taeby, sweden tel: 08-63 80 820 fax: 08-63 80 388 nec electronics hong kong ltd. hong kong tel: 2886-9318 fax: 2886-9022/9044 nec electronics hong kong ltd. seoul branch seoul, korea tel: 02-528-0303 fax: 02-528-4411 nec electronics singapore pte. ltd. united square, singapore 1130 tel: 253-8311 fax: 250-3583 nec electronics taiwan ltd. taipei, taiwan tel: 02-719-2377 fax: 02-719-5951 nec do brasil s.a. sao paulo-sp, brasil tel: 011-889-1680 fax: 011-889-1689 j96. 8
m pd178016gc-051 93 [memo]
m pd178016gc-051 no part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of nec corporation. nec corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. nec corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use of such device. no license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of nec corporation or others. while nec corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. to minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or property arising from a defect in an nec semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. nec devices are classified into the following three quality grades: "standard", "special", and "specific". the specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a customer designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. the recommended applications of a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. customers must check the quality grade of each device before using it in a particular application. standard: computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots special: transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) specific: aircrafts, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc. the quality grade of nec devices is "standard" unless otherwise specified in nec's data sheets or data books. if customers intend to use nec devices for applications other than those specified for standard quality grade, they should contact an nec sales representative in advance. anti-radioactive design is not implemented in this product. m4 96. 5 the application circuits and their parameters are for reference only and are not intended for use in actual design-ins.

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